Chapter 1 - Key Concepts Flashcards
What is a concept?
A term, idea or category
What is conception?
The manner in which something is understood or interpreted
What is government according to the book?
The institution and offices through which societies are governed.
What is governance according to the book?
The process by which decisions, laws and policies are made, with or without the input of formal institutions.
What is politics?
The process by which people negotiate and compete in the process och making and executing shared or collective decisions.
What is power?
The capacity to bring about intended effects. The term is often used as a synonym for influence, but is also used more narrowly to refer to more forceful modes of influence, notably, getting one’s way by threats.
What is authority?
The right to rule. Authority creates its own power, so long as people accept that the person in authority has the right to make decisions.
What is legitimacy?
The state or quality of being legitimate. A legitimate system of government is based on authority, and those subjected to it’s rule recognize its right to make decisions.
What is ideology?
A system of connected beliefs, a shared view of the world, or a blueprint for how politics, economics and society should be structured.
The book mentions five ideologies. These are..
Anarchism Marxism Liberalism Conservatism Fascism
What is comparative politics?
The systematic study of government and politics in different countries, designed to better understand them by drawing out their contrasts and similarities
What is a typology?
A system om classification by which states, institutions, processes, political cultures, and so on are divided into groups or types with common sets of attributes.
What is the three world system and explain the three worlds
A political typology founded during the cold war that divided the world along ideological lines
First world: Wealthy, democratic and industrial states (In the western alliance)
Second world: Communist systems (Against the western alliance)
Third world: Poorer, less democratic, less developed states (Some took sides, some did not)
What is political economy?
The relationship between political activity and economic performance.
What is GNI?
Gross national income (BNP) The total domestic and foreign output by residents of a country in a given year
