Chapter 11 - sport, Media and Ideology Flashcards
case of Don Sanderson
- hockey player, died jan.2009 in result of a fight.
- prompt a debate on place of fighting in hockey at a professional and amateur level.
- created a clear division between the subculture of hockey, and the broader social world, its legal and medical institution and growing concerns about concussions/brain damage, self medication
Gruneau and Whitson fight for hegemonic masculinity
the ultimate threat being the opposed to change, is the perceived threat to the maleness of the game, and beyond this to the place cultural and gender order
The triad of men’s violence in sport
- violence against women, rape culture, and ‘everyday sexism’
- violence against other men
- violence against their own bodies: form of violence against themselves.
2 group-based processes that underlie the triad of men’s violence
- misgynist
- homophobic
normalization of sex as ‘conquest’ detached from tenderness for a person and from interest of female company
case of Stanford swimmer Brock Turner
- convicted of sexual assault with intent to commit rape of an intoxicated, unconscious, 23 - year old
- sentenced to six months in jail, three years of probation and a requirement to register as a sex offender
monopoly
exclusive possession of a commodity
what happens to media rights owned by the sports leagues
sports leagues package their media rights and sell them to television networks / telecommunication companies for unprecedented amounts of money
live sports is one of the last media commodities that needs to be watched live, at specific times and dates.
perishable broadcasting
sports-media complex
symbiotic and mutually-benefitical, multi-billion dollar partnership between the media, professional sports leagues / organizations, and advertisers in Canada
three interest groups that share economic and ideological interests that profit from media
- media rights are the largest source of revenues for most leagues
- media provides national, continental, and global audiences for sport
- media provide continuous cycle of publicity, interest, and new promotional buzz for major leagues, including new media
impact of live sport on media companies
secures audiences, subscribers, and advertising revenues
audience commodity
the audience is sold as a commodity to advertisers because audience power is produced, sold, purchased and consumed, it commands a price and is a commodity
mass media
the institution that produces and distributes information, interpretation and entertainment for a mass audience
media contributors to society
- enhances commercial viability of sport
2. promotes specific sport values and ideology
results of the Canadian media guild strike
CFL on CBC held a no air announcer broadcast resulting in : no commentary no replays no pregame profiles no stats no sound effects
television for sports-media in the 1950’s
initial monopoly by public broadcaster:
universal accessibility to sporting events in both official languages on CBA
television for sports-media in the 1960’s
- new era of competition with private sectors.
- first private national television network actually founded to distribute sport content.
- costs of sporting broadcasting rights increased
television for sports-media in the 1980’s - 90’s
- ascension of cable / satellite television and pay-per-view era, providing greater amount of sporting content
oligopoly
unprecedented availability of sports content dominated by small numbers of vertically integrated telecommunication companies (rogers and TSN)
vertical integration
telecommunication companies own sports content and digital distribution networks
neoliberalism of broadcasting
media broadcasting shifts from public provisions on public broadcaster for all Canadians to privatized discretionary consumer choice
how is media promoting televised sport manhood formula
- promoting the common sense of masculinity
- overarches narrative of men, genre and consumption that cuts across digital sport and accompanying commercials
- little to no coverage of female athletes on mainstream television sports network
double standard
a rule or principle which is unfairly applied in different ways to different people or groups.