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System P 2 > Chapter 11 Second Half > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Second Half Flashcards

1
Q

What is relative polycythemia?

A

Decreased plasma

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2
Q

What is absolute primary polycythemia?

A

Increased total RBC mass

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3
Q

What is absolute secondary polycythemia?

A

Increased Erythropoietin (EPO)

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4
Q

Reactive leukocyte disorders are caused by what?

A

Microbial infection

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5
Q

Neutropenia is associated with what?

A

Aganulocytosis

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6
Q

Less than how many cells results in nurtopenia ?

A

500

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7
Q

Agranulocytosis =

A

Sever neutropenia (<100 cells):

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8
Q

How do you diagnose mono>?

A

Mono spot test

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9
Q

What are the classic symptoms of mono?

A

Reactive lymphocytes, lymphadenitis, fever, splenomegaly, hepatitis

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10
Q

“Atypical lymphocytes” are associated with what condition?

A

Mono

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11
Q

In developing countries mono mostly affects _______and is________

A

Children, asymptomatic

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12
Q

In developed countries mono normally affects _______and is most commonly________

A

Adolescent, symptomatic

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13
Q

Mono is transmitted via who?

A

Saliva

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14
Q

What causes cat scratch fever?

A

Bartonella henselae

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15
Q

Most causes (90%) of cat scratch disease are found in who?

A

Pediatrics

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16
Q

Irregular stellar necrotizing granulomas are associated with what condition?

A

Cat scratch disease.

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17
Q

How long does cat scratch disease last?

A

2-4 months

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18
Q

What are 3 lymphoid neoplasms?

A

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, multiple myeloma

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19
Q

What are 3 myeloid neoplasms?

A

Acute myeloid nous leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes, chronic myeloprolifferative disorders

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20
Q

What is a Wbc cancer that involves the marrow or blood?

A

Leukemia

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21
Q

What is a WBC cancer that involves that lymphatic tissues?

A

Lymphoma

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22
Q

What is an agressive cancer of lymphoblasts?

A

ALL

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23
Q

Pre B cell ALL affects what?

A

Marrow/peripheral blood (MC form)

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24
Q

The Pre T cell ALL affects what?

A

Thymus

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25
Q

What is the most common type of leukemia in children?

A

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)

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26
Q

Pancytopenia is seen in what you of leukemia ?

A

Acute lymphoblastic

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27
Q

Most people are diagnosed with ALL at what age?

A

4

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28
Q

What is the treatment for ALL ?

A

Chemo (80% cured)

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29
Q

What type of cancer is associated with both B and T cells?

A

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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30
Q

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is associated with what cells?

A

B cells

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31
Q

What are general features of acute leukemia?

A

Stormy onset, marrow suppression, lymphoblasts

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32
Q

To be classified as chronic lymphocytic leukemia how may lymphocytes must be present?

A

4000

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33
Q

If there are less than 4000 lymphocytes, CLL will be renamed what?

A

Small lymphocytic lymphoma

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34
Q

What is the most common leukemia of adulthood?

A

Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia

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35
Q

Is chronic lymphocytic leukemia agressive?

A

No it has a gradual progression

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36
Q

CLL involves what?

A

Blood

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37
Q

SLL involves what?

A

Nodes

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38
Q

Suppressed. B cells, hypogammaglobulinemia is associated with what?

A

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia

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39
Q

What is the prognosis for CLL?

A

Live 4-6 years

40
Q

If chronic lymphocytic leukemia becomes more aggressive it turns into what?

A

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma

41
Q

Centrocytes are associated with what?

A

Follicular lymphoma

42
Q

Follicular lymphoma is associated with what cells?

A

B cell

43
Q

Lymphocytes with a cleaved nuclei are associated with what?

A

Follicular lymphoma

44
Q

Follicular lymphomas make up what % of adult non Hopkins lymphoma?

A

40

45
Q

When does follicular lymphoma occur?

A

> 50

46
Q

What are characteristics of follicular lymphoma?

A

Generalized lymphadenopathy, painless

47
Q

What gene is associated with follicular lymphoma ?

A

BCL2

48
Q

85% Follicular lymphoma have what?

A

Translocation on chromosome 14:18

49
Q

What condition is also acted with t(11:14) ? ?>

A

Mantle cell lymphoma

50
Q

What lymphoma is incurable?

A

Mantle cell

51
Q

What lymphoma is associated with dysfunctional cyclinS?

A

Mantle cell

52
Q

What is the most common lymphoma of adulthood ?

A

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma

53
Q

A history of EBV is associated with what kind of lymphoma ?

A

Diffuse B cell

54
Q

What kind of lymphoma is commonly extranodal?

A

Diffuse large B cell

55
Q

If diffuse large B cell lymphoma is seen early where is it most commonly found?>

A

GI, brain

56
Q

If diffuse large B cell lymphoma is found late where is is commonly found?

A

Liver, spleen, marrow

57
Q

What kind of lymphoma is also acted with a starry sky pattern?

A

Burkett lymphoma

58
Q

What kind of lymphoma is assoacted with a mutated MYC gene via t(8:14)

A

Burkitt lymphoma

59
Q

What kind of lymphoma classically affects African children, usually on the face?

A

Burkitt lymphoma

60
Q

What is the fastest growing human tumor?

A

Burkitt lymphoma

61
Q

If Burkitt lymphoma is seen in Africa where does it affect?

A

Maxilla, mandible

62
Q

If Burkitt lymphoma affects someone in the use where is it seen?

A

Abdomen, GI, ovaries

63
Q

What is a plasma cell malignant cancer?

A

Multiple myeloma

64
Q

What 3 things are associated with multiple myeloma?

A

Osteolytic lesions, neurological, renal failure

65
Q

Punched out lesions, and bence jones proteins are associated with what?

A

Multiple myeloma

66
Q

What is a treatment for multiple myeloma?

A

Plasmapheresis, stem cell transplants

67
Q

Where are the top 4 most common sites for multiple myelomas?

A

Vertebral column, ribs, skull

68
Q

A reed sternberg cell with an owl eye nuclear appearance is associated with what/

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

69
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma arises from what?

A

A single cell (spreads to Local lodes)

70
Q

Exposure to agent orange is associated with what?

A

Hodgkin lymphoma

71
Q

What is associated with an M spike and is incurable?

A

Multiple myeloma

72
Q

Painless lymphadenopathy and night sweats are associated with what?

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

73
Q

Acute myeloid leukemia will replace how much of the bone marrow?

A

20

74
Q

What percent of myelodysplastic sydromes will transform to AML?

A

40

75
Q

The Philadelphia chromosome is associated with what leukemia?

A

Chronic myeloma nous leukemia

76
Q

What kind of leukemia is associated with a t(9;22) ?

A

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

77
Q

Spent phase or blast crisis is associated with what kind of leukemia ?

A

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

78
Q

When the red pulp of the spleen has a beef appearance what kind of leukemia do they have?

A

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

79
Q

Polythemia Vera is also acted with no what?

A

Increase in EPO (absolute, primary)

80
Q

JAK2 point mutations are associated with what ?

A

Polythemia Vera

81
Q

Decreased erythropoietin and too may RBC is associated with what?

A

Polythemia Vera

82
Q

What are symptoms of polycythemia Vera?

A

Congestion, itching, dysfunctional platelets

83
Q

Wha this associated with MARROW fibrosis ?

A

Primary myelofibrosis

84
Q

Dacrocytes are also acted with what myeloid neoplasm ?

A

Primary myelofibrosis

85
Q

Birbeck granules are associated with what?

A

Histiocytic neoplasms

86
Q

Langerhans cell histo cytosine is common in who?

A

Less that to year olds

87
Q

Multiform like skin lesions are associated with what?

A

Multi system langerhans cell histiocytosis

88
Q

What is associated with systemic coagulation, massive tissue injury, crush injuries, and bleeding?

A

DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation )

89
Q

What is decreased platelets, possible CNS hemorrhage?

A

Thrombocytopenia

90
Q

Acute ITP is usually seen in who?

A

Children

91
Q

Chronic ITP is seen in who?

A

Reproductive age females

92
Q

What is the most common inherited bleeding disorder?

A

Von willebrand disease

93
Q

What is autosomal dominant disorder with dysfunctional platelet adherence, causing bleeding guns, easy brushing, epistaxis?

A

Vin willebrand disease

94
Q

Factor VIII is associated with what?

A

Hemophilia A

95
Q

Factor IX is associated with what?

A

Hemophilia B (Christmas disease )

System P 2 (6 decks)

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