Chapter 11 Scan Reading Flashcards
Where did the movement begin?
Saxony, Germany
Difference between Protestants and Humanisms
The human potential for evil over the inclination to do good
Protestants encouraged?
Firm discipline, and training in ancient languages
Where was the movement 1st?
Germany and Switzerland
What happened in 65 impieral cities?
On and off, all off, all on
Ecclesiastical
relating to the Christian Church or its clergy.
Why did peasants join the Protestant reformation?
simple rights were taken away
ridiculed
subject (someone or something) to contemptuous and dismissive language or behavior.
Sectarianism
excessive attachment to a particular sect or party, especially in religion.
Arbitrary
based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system.
Layperson
a nonordained member of a church
Proselytizing
the action of attempting to convert someone from one religion, belief, or opinion to another.
Egalitarian
relating to or believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities.
Copyists
a person who makes copies, especially of handwritten documents or music.
Vernacular
the language or dialect spoken by the ordinary people in a particular country or region.
Concubinage
an interpersonal and sexual relationship between a man and a woman in which the couple does not want to or cannot enter into a full marriage
Benefice System
living is a reward received in exchange for services rendered and as a retainer for future services
Parishes
a small administrative district typically having its own church and a priest or pastor.
Dioceses
a district under the pastoral care of a bishop in the Christian Church.
What did laity members want?
To live like Jesus
Modern Devotion
Brothers of Common Life
Where was the center of Modern Devotion?
Zwolle and Deventer in the Netherlands
Modern Devotion did what?
Ran hospices for poor students and schools for the young
Who was under the Brothers?
Nicholas of Cusa, Johannes Reuclin, and Desiderius Erasmus
Who wrote the Philosophy of Christ?
Erasmus
Who wrote the Imitation of Christ?
Thomas Kempt
Who Wrote the address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation
Luther
Indulgences
Buy way out of purgatory
What was the indulgene money going to?
Saint Peters basilicia in Rome
Soteriological
the doctrine of salvation.
Piecemeal
characterized by unsystematic partial measures taken over a period of time.
Pope Clement VI
Treasury of merit
Pope Sixtus IV
extended indulgences to the unrepented sins of all Christians in purgatory
Where was Luther summoned?
Dominican order in Augsburg
What caused attention away from heresy of Protestant reformation?
Emperor Maximilian I died
Pope backed who?
French King Francis I
Who actually became king?
Charles I of Spain (19)
Who did Luther debate in Leipzig
Ingolstadt Professor John Eck
What did Luther do that separated him completely from the church?
defended John Huss
What books did Luther write?
The Address of the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, The Babylonian Captivity of the Church, and the Freedom of a Christian
What was The Address of the Christian Nobility of the German Nation about?
German princes need to force church reformation
What was The Babylonian Captivity of the Church about?
attacked the traditional seven sacraments
What was the Freedom of a Christian about?
Faith alone
What did Leos Papal Bull “exsurge Domine” do?
Condemened Luther for heresy
Who told Luther to his in the Wartburg Castle?
Electoral Frederick
While Luther was hiding in the castle what did he do?
Translate New Testimate into German
Switzerland
loose confederacy of 13 states
Who was Ulrich Zwingli?
leader of Swiss reformation, credited Erasmus
What did Zwingli want?
End of clergy cleibacy and allowing clergy to marry
Where was the center of the Swiss Reformation?
Zurich
What did Philip of Hesse want?
Unite Swiss and German
Philip brought who together in Marburg?
Luther and Zwingli
Who wrote “Tetrapolitian Confession”
Martin Bucerl Casper Hedio
Swiss battles where?
2 at Kapal
What happened at the second battle at Kapal?
Zwingli was wounded and captured and executed
Who took over after Zwingli?
Heinrich Bullinger
What was anabaptists?
16th century ancestors of amish/mennonites
What did anabaptist believe?
no infant baptism, only adult baptism
Where was the 1st adult baptism?
Zurich
Who began Anabaptism?
Conrad Grebel
Who lead the Anabaptism in Munster?
Jan Matthys and Jan Beukesz
Who founded the Mennonites?
Menno Simmons
How did Thomas Muntzer die?
as a leader in a peasant revolt
Who was Sebastian Franck?
A believer of the freedom of all souls
Who was Casper Schwenckfield?
Prolific writer and wanderer
How did Spaniard Michael Servetus die?
Executed by John Calvin
Who founded Socinianism?
Servetus and Faustus Sozzini
Who did the diet of Augsburg?
Charles V
What was the Schmaladic Articles?
Stalemate with the emperor
Who ran the Schalkaldic League?
Philip of Hesse and John Frederick
What was the Peace of Passau?
Charles V would no longer try to have 1 religion
What was the Peace of Augusburg?
ruler determines religion
What religions were left out of the Peace of Augusburg?
Calvinism and Anabaptism
What did Pope Boniface VIII want?
Prevent secular taxation of the clergy
