Chapter 11 Quiz Flashcards
Bluish color of the skin indicates lack of oxygen
Seen first on mucous membranes (lips, mouth), maybe nailbeds
Don’t leave a fainting patient
Cyanotic
Cold sweat; acutely ill patients may be pale and cool
Diaphoretic
4 levels of consciousness (LOCs)
Alert and conscious
Drowsy but responsive
Unconscious but reactive to painful stimuli
Comatose
Oral temperature above 100.4 F; sign of increased metabolism in response to infection
Fever
Celcius to Farenheit
C=(F-32)*5/9
Farenheit to Celcius
F=(C*9/5)+32
What is the average adult pulse rate?
80-100 beats per minute (bpm)
Why is rectal temperature higher than oral?
It is invasive
Occurs when heart rate is over 100 bpm
Tachycardia
Occurs when heart rate is under 60 bpm
Bradycardia
Why don’t you use your own thumb when taking a pulse?
It has its own pulse
What is the normal adult respiratory rate?
12-20 breaths per minute
Rapid breathing in excess of 20 breaths per minute
Tachypnea
Fewer than 12 breaths per minute
Bradypnea
Difficulty breathing
Inform the physician and make sure oxygen supply is on hand
Dyspnea
Inflammation of the pleura (lining between lung and chest wall)
Can result in pain, leading to the patient breathing less frequently to avoid pain
Pleurisy
What is the normal blood pressure reading (measured with a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope)?
120/80
Top or higher number in blood pressure reading, pressure when heart is pumping
Normal is between 119-95 mmHg
Systolic pressure
Bottom or lower number in blood pressure reading, pressure when the heart relaxes
Normal between 60-79
Diastolic pressure
High blood pressure reading over 140/90
Hypertension
Low blood pressure reading under 90/50
Can lead to shock
Hypotension
Part of a diagnostic workup or complete physical
Provides information concerning types and numbers of cells in the blood
Complete blood count (CBC)
Blood clot formed on the wall of a vessel
Thrombus
A thrombus leaves the vessel wall and floats freely in the bloodstream
Embolus
Function in the clotting process
Platelets
Time it takes for plasma to clot, 11-13 seconds
Prothrombin time (PT)
PTT
Partial thromboplastin time (60 seconds)
Thin the blood, given to those who are at risk for stroke or heart attack
Ex: coumadin, heparin
Anticoagulant
Blood sugar test
Glucose
High blood glucose
Hyperglycemic
Low blood glucose
Hypoglycemic
HDL
High density lipoprotein (good cholesterol)
LDL
Low density lipoprotein (bad cholesterol)
By-product of protein metabolism
10-20 mg/dL
Non-protein nitrogenous waste excreted by the kidneys that measures good kidney function
BUN (blood-urea nitrogen)
Metabolite associated with skeletal muscle mass
0.5-1.2 mg/dL
Non-protein nitrogenous waste excreted by the kidneys that measures good kidney function
Creatinine
GFR
Glomerular filtration rate
60-100
Measure amount of waste product from hemoglobin breakdown
Serum Bilirubin
Monitors pulse rate and blood oxygen levels
Measures difference between deoxygenated and oxygenated blood
Normal reading is between 95-100%
Laser measures reflected light
Pulse oximeter
Measure heart rate and blood pressure
Arterial catheters
Produces an electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG)
Electrocardiograph monitors
Heart quivers of fibrillates
Fibrillation
