Chapter 11 PowerPoint #2

Question 1

the distribution of species on Earth

Answer 1

Biogeography

Question 2

Unique species of tortoises on each Galapagos Island.

Answer 2

Biogeography

Question 3

resemblances between prickly pear cacti on islands and the mainland (very different in appearances)

Answer 3

Biogeography

Question 4

Evidence of early human ancestors should be close to less-mobile relatives in Africa.

Answer 4

Biography

Question 5

the remains of living organisms left in soil or rock

Answer 5

Fossils

Question 6

Form a record of ancient life

Answer 6

Fossils

Question 7

Provide direct evidence of change in organisms over time

Answer 7

Fossils

Question 8

the formation of fossils

Answer 8

Fossilization

Question 9

An organism is rapidly buried in water, mud, sand, or volcanic ash. The tissues begin to decompose very slowly.

Answer 9

step 1 in fossilization

Question 10

Water seeping through sediment picks up minerals from the soil and deposit them in the spaces left by the decaying tissue.

Answer 10

Step 2 in fossilization

Question 11

After thousands of years, most or all of the original tissue is replaced by very hard minerals, resulting in a rock model of the original bone.

Answer 11

Step 3 in fossilization

Question 12

When erosion or human disturbance removes the overlaying sediment, the fossil is exposed.

Answer 12

Step 4 in fossilization

Question 13

How many steps are there in fossilization?

Answer 13

4

Question 14

_________ dating for hominid fossils.

Answer 14

radiometric

Question 15

Scientists have estimated the age of fossil hominins to be millions of years old.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

3.5 Million Years

Answer 16

Ancient Hominin

Question 17

From more apelike to more human-like ancestors

1. larger brains
2. Flatter face
3. More extensive culture

Answer 17

Progression of hominid fossils

Question 18

Most compelling evidence for common descent is the universality of DNA and of the relationship between DNA and proteins.

Answer 18

True

Question 19

Best scientific explanation for diversity of life is the

Answer 19

theory of evolution, including common descent

Question 20

1. Good explanation for variety of observations
2. Well supported by wide variety of evidence (Anatomy, Geology, Molecular biology, Genetics)
3. Demonstrates consilience

Answer 20

A robust theory

Question 21

agreement among observations from different sources

Answer 21

Consilience

Question 22

1. To understand the function of human genes
2. to comprehend species interactions
3. to predict biological consequences of a changing global environment

Answer 22

Importance of evolution to modern biology