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Ethnobotany > Chapter 11 Plant Fibers > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Plant Fibers Flashcards

1
Q

Name 3 things in this classroom that are made from plants

A

Curtain, Paper, Pencil

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2
Q

What is a fiber?

A

A thread or a filament from a plant tissue

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3
Q

What is Phloem tissue?

A

Plant tissue that conducts the transport of food throughout the plant.

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4
Q

What is wood?

A

a hard fibrous material that forms the main substance of the trunk or branches of a tree.

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5
Q

What is Xylem Tissue?

A

Plant tissue that transports water and dissolved materials throughout the plant.

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6
Q

What makes fibers a white color?

A

Cellulose makes it white

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7
Q

What are Sclerenchyma fiber called?

A

elongated, thick walled, dead plant cells.

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8
Q

What makes fibers a brown color?

A

Lignin

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9
Q

What method do they use to extract cotton fibers from the cotton plant?

A

Ginning

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10
Q

What is Ginning?

A

the process of removing seed fibers. Derived from the gin engine.

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11
Q

What are the 3 stages of extracting fibers from the stem?

A

Hackling, Retting, Scutching

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12
Q

What is Retting?

A

The first process after harvesting a plant to extract the plant fiber.

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13
Q

What is Scutching?

A

Beating and scraping of the fibers to remove the remaining unwanted tissue.

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14
Q

What is Hackling?

A

the process of aligning the separate fibers in vertical pins to detangle them.

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15
Q

What process is used to extract fibers from leaves?

A

Decorticating

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16
Q

What is Decorticating?

A

a method used for leaf fibers, workers crush the fleshy leaf material and scrape the non fibrous material

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17
Q

What are the main plants we get surface fibers from?

A

Coconut, Cotton, Kapok

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18
Q

Coconut is in what family?

A

Arecaceae, Palm family

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19
Q

What process do they use to extract coconut fibers from the fruit?

A

Retting

20
Q

How long do they Rett Coconuts?

A

10 months

21
Q

Name 2 things coconut fibers can be used for?

A

Brushes and brooms

22
Q

Common name for the cotton that is native to India and Pakistan

A

Tree cotton

23
Q

Common name for the cotton that is native to Africa and Arabia

A

Levent cotton

24
Q

Common name for the cotton native to the Americas, this cotton also makes up 90% of the worlds cotton

A

Upland cotton

25
Q

One common name for the cotton that is native to the Americas, this cotton provides the finest quality cotton threads and is popular in Europe

A

Egyptian cotton

26
Q

What 2 cottons are from the New world

A

Tree cotton and Egyptian cotton

27
Q

What 2 cottons are from the Old world

A

Levent cotton and Upland cotton

28
Q

What is a staple?

A

The cotton hairs

29
Q

What is the difference between Linter and Lint?

A

Liner is hard to pull off the seed and Lint is east to pull off.

30
Q

What invented cotton gin?

A

Eli Whitney

31
Q

When did cotton gin begin?

A

It began Industrial revolution

32
Q

How many pairs of jeans can you get from one bale of cotton?

A

325

33
Q

Which spikey tree provides surface fibers?

A

Kapok trees

34
Q

What are Bast fibers?

A

soft fibers derived from thick walled phloem cells.

35
Q

What are 3 Bast fibers we talked about in class?

A

Jute, Linnen, and Hemp

36
Q

What is the second most produced fiber in the world?

A

Jute

37
Q

Give on example of something made jute fiber?

A

Canvases

38
Q

What fiber did Egyptians wrap their mummies in?

A

Linen

39
Q

Is linen strong?

A

Yes

40
Q

Give one example of something made of linen.

A

Bedsheets

41
Q

Why is linen so expensive?

A

The extraction method requires manual labor

42
Q

What fiber makes up the Declaration of Independence?

A

Hemp

43
Q

What are hard fibers?

A

extracted from leaves of certain plant with long parallel veins.

44
Q

What are 2 hard fibers we talked about in class?

A

Sisal and Abaca

45
Q

Which fiber is extracted from Agave leaves?

A

Sisal

46
Q

Which fiber is extracted from the banana plant?

A

Abaca

47
Q

Name two items made from banana fibers.

A

Tea bags and Coffee fibers.

Ethnobotany (7 decks)

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