chapter 11 Motives and Personality

Question 1

are internal states that arouse and direct behavior toward specific objects or goals. Often caused by a lack of something

Answer 1

Motives

Question 2

Motives are often based on

Answer 2

needs

Question 3

The term what is used to refer to the mutual influence of forces within a person—in this case, the interaction of various motives within a person.

Answer 3

dynamic

Question 4

Murray used the term what to refer to need-relevant aspects of the environment.

Answer 4

press

Question 5

what are the two environments according to Murray

Answer 5

real and percieved

Question 6

The act of interpreting the environment and perceiving the meaning of what is going on in a situation is termed

Answer 6

apperception

Question 7

consists of a set of black-and-white drawings, which are ambiguous. The person is then asked to make up a story about what is happening in the picture.

Answer 7

TAT

Question 8

are defined as unconscious motivational dispositions that are activated through affectively charged incentives influencing spontaneous behavior

Answer 8

Implicit motives

Question 9

are consciously accessible thoughts that an individual has about their behavior, cognitions

Answer 9

Self-attributed motives

Question 10

WHAT of a need refer to a person’ s momentary amount of a specific need, which can fluctuate with specific circumstances.

Answer 10

State levels

Question 11

A newer form of assessing motives is the ,which combines features of the TAT with features of self-report questionnaires

Answer 11

Multi-MotiveGrid

Question 12

The big three motives are

Answer 12

achievement, power, and intimacy

Question 13

defined as the desire to do better, to be successful, and to feel competent

Answer 13

The need for achievement

Question 14

parents can behave in ways that promote autonomy and independence in their children

Answer 14

independence training

Question 15

teaches students to be responsible with everything they do in the classroom from bringing pencils to hustling during lesson transitions. 

Answer 15

Responsibility Training

Question 16

is the process of becoming “more and more what one idiosyncratically is, to become everything that one is capable of becoming”

Answer 16

self-actualization

Question 17

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs from top to bottom

Answer 17

self-actualization, esteem, belongingness, safety, physiological

Question 17

what is defined as a subjective stat that people report when they are completely involved in something to the point of forgetting time, fatigue, and everything else but the activity itself.

Answer 17

Flow

Question 18

persons who engage in what modify their experience, rather than their self-image, to reduce the threat

Answer 18

distortion

Question 19

is a non-directive approach to talk therapy that requires the client to actively take the reins during each therapy session, while the therapist acts as a guide or a source of support for the client. 

Answer 19

Client centered therapy, or person-centered therapy,