Chapter 11: Lungs and Respiratory System Flashcards
bradypnea
slower than 12 breaths per minute
tachypnea
faster than 20 breaths per min
hyperventilation (hyperpnea)
faster than 20 breaths per min with deep breathing and periods of apnea
crackles
high-pitched crackling and popping noises not cleared with cough, mostly heard on inhalation
wheeze
high-pitched musical sounds, similar to squeak, mostly heard on exhalation
rhonchi
low pitched, coarse, loud, low snoring or moaning tone, heard mostly on inhalation
Pleural friction rub
low-pitched, coarse, rubbing or grating sound
acute bronchitis
acute inflammation of mucous membranes of the bronchial tree; cough begins unproductive, but becomes productive with green/yellow sputum
COVID-19
contagious disease spread by respiratory droplets; cough, dyspnea, fever, chills, muscle pain, headache, sore throat, loss of taste or smell
pneumonia
infection of terminal bronchioles and alveoli; fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, chills, chest pain with deep breathing/coughing
tuberculosis
contagious, bacterial infection transmitted by airborne droplets; asymptomatic during early stages, fatigue, anorexia, night sweats, fever
pleural effusion
accumulation of serous fluid in pleural space
asthma
hyperactive airway disease caused by bronchoconstriction, airway obstruction, and inflammation
emphysema
destruction of alveolar walls that causes permanent enlargement of airspaces; underweight with barrel chest, short of breath with minimal exertion
chronic bronchitis
hypersecretion of mucous of trachea and bronchi; productive cough for 3 months
