Chapter 10: Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose, and Throat

Question 1

Tension Headache

Answer 1

Most common; pain in temporal, frontal, parietal and occipital lobes, like a tight band around head

Question 2

Migraine Headache

Answer 2

second most common; women more susceptible, normally starts with aura, unilateral throbbing pain, with depression, restlessness, N/V

Question 3

Cluster Headache

Answer 3

Most painful; intense episodes of really bad pain on one side of head (unilateral), 30 min - 1 hour and may repeat daily for weeks at a time (average is 6-12 weeks with remission periods)

Question 4

Posttraumatic Headache

Answer 4

occurs secondary to head injury or concussion

Question 5

Hydrocephalus

Answer 5

abnormal accumulation of CSF (usually caused by obstruction of drainage or circulation) Infants = head enlargement Adults = decreased mental status and headache

Question 6

Chalazion

Answer 6

firm nodule in eyelid that usually follows chronic inflammation

Question 7

Hordeolum (stye)

Answer 7

infection of sebaceous gland of eyelid; painful, red, and edematous

Question 8

conjunctivitis

Answer 8

inflammation of conjunctiva; eye appears red

Question 9

corneal abrasion or ulcer

Answer 9

caused by infections, dryness, or harsh contact; pt feels intense pain, foreign body sensation, and photophobia, tearing and redness

Question 10

cataract

Answer 10

opacity of crystalline lens caused by denaturation of protein, congenital, or trauma (ex: aging)

Question 11

glaucoma

Answer 11

group of diseases caused by increase in intraocular pressure; untreated = blindness (includes open-angle, closed-angle, congenital, and caused by drugs/meds)
open-angle: gradual, painless loss of peripheral vision, do a test
closed-angle: sharp eye pain and see halo around lights

Question 12

foreign body

Answer 12

pt feels fullness in ear and decreased hearing

Question 13

acute otitis media

Answer 13

infection of the middle ear; common in childhood; ear pain, vomiting, fever, decreased hearing

Question 14

otitis media with effusion

Answer 14

inflammation of the middle ear resulting in accumulation of serous fluid

Question 15

conductive hearing loss

Answer 15

caused by interference of air conduction to middle ear; blockage of ear canal, probs with TM, or probs with middle ear

Question 16

sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 16

caused by structural changes, disorders of inner ear, or probs with auditory nerve

Question 17

epistaxis

Answer 17

bleeding from nose; caused by forceful sneezing or coughing, trauma, or picking

Question 18

allergic rhinitis

Answer 18

inflammation of nasal mucosa (normal signs of allergies)

Question 19

acute sinusitis

Answer 19

infection of sinuses due to pooling of secretions (normally after upper respiratory infection); common signs include throbbing pain and tenderness of sinuses during palpation

Question 20

gingivitis

Answer 20

inflammation of gums mostly caused by poor dental hygiene

Question 21

tonsillitis

Answer 21

infection of tonsils; sore throat, pain swallowing, fever, chills, tender lymph nodes

Question 22

aphthous ulcer (canker sore)

Answer 22

common oral lesion, painful sore in mouth, oval or round

Question 23

hyperthyroidism

Answer 23

excessive production and secretion of thyroid hormone; increased metabolism and larger thyroid gland

Question 24

hypothyroidism

Answer 24

decreased production of thyroid hormone, decreased metabolism, depressed affect