Chapter 11 leadership Flashcards
What is leadership?
Leadership occurs when individuals exert influence on the goal achievement of others in an organizational behavior
what goals can we get achieved by effective leadership?
Productivity
Innovation
Satisfaction
Commitement
what are two types of leadership?
Strategic Leadership - ability to anticipate, vision and maintain flexibility, think strategically and work with others to initiate changes that will create a viable future for the organization
Formal Leadership
What is an informal leadership? which means emergent leadership?
extent to which an individual with no formal status or authority is perceived by one or more team members as exhibiting leaderlikeinfluence.
One percieved by others as a leader
What is shared leadership?
Emergent and dynamic team phenomenon which says leadership roles and influence are distributed among team members.
What is positively related to team performance and creativity?
Shared Leadership
What can strategic leaders provide to an organization?
with a sustainable competitive advantage by helping their organizations compete in turbulent and unpredictable environments and by exploring growth opportunities.
since informal leaders do not have formal authority, they must rely on being what?
rely on being liked or being perceived as highly skilled to exert influence
What is trait theory of leadership?
it says leadership depend on the personal qualities or traits of the leader.
What are the traits associated with leadership effectiveness?
Intelligence
energy and drive
self confidence
dominance
motivation to lead
emotional stability
honesty and integrity
need for achievement
sociability
which 3 are that research on leadership traits are mostly focused on?
demographic
Task competence
interpersonal attributes
which are these personality traits mostly linked to?
Extraversion
Conscientiousness
What is narcissism?
Personality trait that combine grandiosity, attention seeking inflated self-view
What is one individual variable seems to be especially important for leadership?
Motivation to lead
What are the limitations of trait approach?
Sometimes the leaders get chosen because of their traits(tall) which starts bias and discrimination
What is leadership categorization theory?
People are more likely to view somebody as leader and to evaluate them a a more effective leader when they possess prototypical characteristics of leadership.
what is the most crucial problem of the trait approach to leadership
Failure to consider the situation in which leadership occurs
What is behavioral approach of leadership?
concern with what leaders bring to group setting which limitation is does not consider what leaders do in group setting
What are the two basic kinds of behavior?
Consideration
Initiating structure
What is consideration?
extent to which a leader is approachable and shows personal concern and respect for employees.
Offer support, protective, friendly
What is initiating structure?
degree to which a leader concentrates on group goal attainment.
define goals, stresses standard procedures, schedule the work to be done and assigns employees to particular tasks
What does consideration lead to?
More follower satistaction and leader satisfaction
What does initiating structure leads to ?
Leaders job performance and group performance
what are some more examples of leader behavior
- leader reward behavior - compliments, tangible benefits, special treatments
- leader punishment behavior - use of reprimands or unfavorable task assignments withholding promotion
What does the contingent in both of these will lead to and why?
more strong relationship between each other.
lead to more positive perception of justice and lower role ambiguity
What are situational theories of leadership?
refers to the setting in which influence attempts to occur. effectiveness of leadership style is contingent on the setting.
What 3 things the setting include in situational leadership?
Characteristics of the employee
Characteristics of the organization
Nature of the task they are performance
What are two situational leadership theories?
- House’s path-goal theory
- Fielders contingency theory
What is fielders contingency theory?
it is the association between leadership orientation and group effectiveness depends on extent to which situation is favorable for the exertion of influence.
Meaning some situations are more favorable for leadership than others.
What is the process of filders contingency theory?
Start with leader describing least preferred worker
if it is
favorable (HIGH LPC)- relationship oriented
unfavorable (LOW LPC) - task oriented
What personality trait does this process of contingency theory reveals?
HIgh LPC= motivated to maintain interpersonal relations
Low LPC = motivated to accomplish a task
LPC is an attitude of the leader toward work relationships
When does a situation is considered to be most favorable?
when relationship between the worker and the leader is good
task at hand is highly structured
when the leader has been granted formal authority by the organization to tell other what to do(position power)
What is the house’s path-goal thoery?
concerned with the situations under which various leader behaviors are most effective
Why does it called path-goal thoery?
the most important activities of leaders are those that clarify the paths to goals of interest to employees. Goals- a promotion, sense of accomplishment or a pleasant work climate
what are the 4 specific kind of leader behavior path-goal is concerned with?
directive
participative
suppotive
achievement oriented - encourage employees to exert high effort and strive for a high level of goal accomplishment
what are the 2 primary classes of situational factors path-goal concerned with
environmental factors
employee characteristics
where should employees who are high need achieve shouls work under?
achievement oriented
What is participative leadership?
part of the path-goal theory
How does the leadership and management differ?
managment is coping with complexity and leadership is change
management regulate people while leadership inspire people
management set objectives to team but leadership have a vision
What are the limitations of trait theories of leadership?
Create bias and discrimination
Assume that you cannot learn to be a leader cuz you need to figure out who has leadership traits and select them as leaders (leadership categorization theory)
Failure t consider the situation where leadership occurs
