Chapter 11 Interior Construction Flashcards
What is gypsum wall board?
A gypsum core sandwiched between heavy paper or other materials form in a factory to standard sized sheets
What are the advantages of gypsum wallboard?
low install cost
quick and easy install
fire resistance
sound control
easily available
versatile
ease of finishing / decorating
ease of door & window install
Commercial and residential thickness of gyp
5/8” Com
1/2” Res
What are the types of gypsum wallboard finishes?
Level 0: no taping, finishing, or accessories
Level 1: joints and angles have tape embedded in joint compound, used in non-visible areas
Level 2: joints and angles have tape embedded in joint compound and one separate coat of compound is applied over joints,angles, fastener heads, and accessories. Typically used in areas where waster resistant backing board is applied as a tile substrate or other areas appear different is not critical
Level 3: similar to level 2 except 2 coats of joint compound are used and free of tool marks and ridges, used where heavy textured finishes or heavy wallcovering is applied
Level 4: similar to level 3 except 3 coats of joint compound are used, used where light textures or wall coverings are will be applied
Level 5: similar to level 4 except that a thin skim coat of compound is applied over entire surface, used where gloss, semi gloss, enamel, or non textured flat paints are specified
What are standard steel stud depths?
1 5/8 “,2 1/2 “,3 5/8 “, 4”, 6”
What are 3 gypsum wall board framing methods?
Typical stud & runner
Furring channel
Resilient channel (improve acoustical properties )
When is a corner bead needed on gypsum wall board?
Cornerbeads are used for all exterior corners not otherwise protected.
What are the 4 of corner bead edge trims?
LC Bead - edge trim requiring finishing with joint compound. Has a back flange, so it must be fitted over the edge of the wall board before the wall board us fastened to the substrate
L Bead - edge trim without a back flange; good for installation after wallboard has been installed. Requires finishing with joint compound
U bead: edge trim in which the edge of the metal is noticeable. It is sometimes called J metal by GCs. It does not require finishing with joint compound
LK bead: edge trim for use with various thicknesses of wallboard in a kerfed jamb, required finishing with joint compound
What are the three most common gypsum wallboard partitions? What do they entail?
Standard wood frame partition - used in residential construction with 2”x4” studs 16” on centre, covered with owner layer of of 1/2” wallboard on each side
Standard metal frame partition - used in commercial construction with 2 1/2” or 3 5/8” metal studs 24” on centre to the underside of the suspended ceiling
Slab to slab partition for sound control or 1hr fire rating: similar to standard metal stud partition expect extends passed suspended ceiling to the underside of deck. Acoustical insulation for sound control
What is glass reinforced gypsum? What is used for?
Glass reinforced gypsum refers to broad class of products manufactured from high-stregth, high-density gypsum reinforced with continuous -filament glass fibers - these products are used for decorative elements
What is plaster and what are the 2 common types construction?
Plaster is a finish material made from various types of cementing compounds, fine aggregate, and water that creates a smooth level surface on a base material
There are 2 common types of construction:
Metal lath that is attached to the studs to create the base for multiple layers of plaster
Gypsum board lath, a special gypsum product that horizontally attaches to studs
What are the 3 layers called and do in plaster construction?
Layer 1: scratch coat -applied to metal lath to firmly adhere to the lath
Layer 2: brown coat - applied onto of the scratch coat to level the surface
Layer 3: finish coat - applied to brown coat for final levelling and create desired texture
When would lath and plaster construction be used instead of gypsum wallboard construction?
when a curve is needed
Study parts of door
Study types of wood doors
What are the categories of doors according to their operation?
Swinging door - attached to frame with hinges or pivots
Pocket sliding door - hung on a top track and slide into wall cavity
**Bypass sliding doors* - hung on a top track and slide in-front of one another
Bi-folding doors -
Accordion folding doors - mounted on a track to expand and contract
What is difference between hollow core door and solid core door?
Hollow core doors are made of one or three plies of veneer on each side of a hollow interior 1 3/8” thick
Solid core doors are made with a variety of core types with no hollow interior 1 3/4” thick
What conditions would use a steel metal door frame and an aluminum door frame?
Steel frames are best when higher durability and where over 20 min fire rating is required.
Aluminum frames are best for a lightweight use and more complex frame profile is required
What are the 4 glass door configurations?
Minimum configuration
Continuous bottom configuration
Continuous top and bottom configuration
Hinge fittings and lever handle
What are hinges?
Consists of:
- 1 leaf with odd number of knuckles
- 1 lead with even number of knuckles
- knuckles are attached with a pin to form a hinge barrel and finished with a tip
What is difference between ball bearing hinges and plain bearing hinges?
Ball bearing hinges: have two ball bearings in the knuckles of the hinges. these balls assisted in hinge movement, typically used for heavy duty doors
standard plain bearing hinges have no ball bearings, used for lightweight doors
What are the 6 common hinge tip designs?
Flat button
Hospital
Oval head
Flush
Ball
Steeple
Ref P 11-16
How many door hinges are required for different height doors?
Up to 60”= 2 hinges (one pair)
60” - 90” = 3 hinges (one and a half pair)
90” - 120” = 4 hinges (two pair)
What is a latchset and lock-set? What are the most common types?
Devices to operate a door, hold it in the closed position, and lock it.
The most common types are:
1. cylindrical lock
2. mortise lock 3
3. preassemble lock
P 11-17
What are door pivots?
In replacement of door hinges, a pivot is installed on the floor either centered or offset with a corresponding pivot installed on the head frame.
An alternate way to hang a door when the appearance of hinges are not wanted or a frameless door design is intended.
What is a door closer
Closers are devices that automatically return door to it’s closed position.
What is panic hardware?
A push bar extending across the door width that operates vertical rods that disengage latches
What is a door astragal?
What is a door astragal?
What is a threshold?
A transition between floor materials at a door line
What are the different types of glass that can be used in glazing?
Float glass - sheet of uniform thickness and very flat surfaces.
Tempered glass - special heat treatment to float glass to become 4x stronger
Laminated glass - layers of glass bonded with an inter layer of polyvinyl butyral.
Wire glass - glass with metal mesh embedded
Pattern glass - pressed with pattern at molten state
Fire-rated glass
Electrochromic glass - changes from opaque to transparent with an electric current
What is the maximum glazed area for a 1 hour rated wall?
25%
What two types of glass are considered safety glazing?
temp and laminated
In general, fire door assemblies are rated at what fraction of the rating of the surround wall?
3/4 - 45 min door is used in a 1 hour rated wall
What is an integrated ceiling?
A
Suspended ceiling system designed to accommodate ceiling tile, lighting, supply & return grilles, fire sprinklers, and partition attachment. These ceiling systems are used when these components are intended to be changed frequently
What are the most common suspended acoustical ceiling lay-in systems?
Lay-in exposed grid - panels are laid on top of an exposed T shape grid
Lay-in tegular - similar to system 1 expect tiles are rabbited
Concealed spline - grid is not visible
How is a commercial gypsum wallboard ceiling constructed?
1 1/2” steel channels placed 4’ -0” on centre and suspended from floor structure above
metal furring channels are attached to the main runners either 16” or 24” on centre
wall board screwed to the furring channels
P11-25
What is the cavity between a suspended ceiling and the deck?
Plunume
Stainless steel finishes
Rolled finish
Polished
Etched
What is Brazing
joining of two metals at intermediate temp above 800F
Bronze and brass are terms used to describe a range of what alloy?
Copper alloy
What is galvanic action?
The electrochemical process that occurs when dissimilar metals are touching/connected in the presence of an electrolyte, such as water, resulting in corrosion of one of the metals.
The farther apart metals on the galvanic series list, the greater possibility of galvanic action
What is “finish carpentry” and when is it used?
Finish carpentry is exposed wood construction assembled at a jobsite by finish carpenters (install of doors, windows, trims, mouldings, etc.) used for residential and commercial jobs where the is little amount of wood work. This is not as good quality of work as architectural wood work
What are the 4 common panel products used in interior construction? What are each made of?
Plywood - odd number of thin veneer glued together under heat and pressure
Particle board - composed of small wood particles, fibres, or chips mixed together in a binder and formed under pressure
Medium-density fibreboard - MDF, wood particles reduced to fibres in a moderate-pressure steam vessel and then combines with a resin and bonded together with heat and pressure
Medium-density overlay - plywood with a thin smooth veneer suitable for painting
What is the formula to calculate the appropriate tread dimension?
2R + T = 25in
R = riser
T = tread
Study Wood ad steel stair Contruction
11-37
Define Wayfinding
The process of locating, following, and identifying a route through a building or space to a selfie destination.
What are the 4 types of wayfinding signage?
Information, identification, directional, regulatory
What is informational signage
Sign that provides information about an overall facility. I.e. “you are here”map in a mall or office directory in the lobby
What is identification signage
Sign that tells people where they are. I.e. a room number on a door
What is directional signage
Sign that tells people how to get to where they want to go. I.e. sign with arrow and designation name.
What is regulatory signage
Signs that tell people what it is and safety or access information. I.e. “employees only” and “danger - high voltage”
