Chapter 11: God of Hierarchy

Question 1

Unified Hierarchy

Answer 1

Simultaneous unity and diversity, equality and distinction of a hierarchy

Question 2

Hierarchy

Answer 2

Distinct levels

Question 3

Phospholipid

Answer 3

Lipid with hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends; make up biological membranes

Question 4

Bacterium

Answer 4

Single-celled organisms small enough not to need organelles

AKA prokaryote

Question 5

Cell Theory

Answer 5

1: every organism is made of one or more cells
2: the cell is the smallest unit of biological life
3: every cell comes from the division of a pre-existing cell
4: all metabolism occurs within cells;
5: heredity information is located in cells
6: every cell has the same basic chemical ingredients

Question 6

Cytoplasm

Answer 6

Water filling a cell, which is thick with a host of dissolved molecules

Question 7

Eukaryotic

Answer 7

type of
cell that contains
organelles

Question 8

Nucleolus

Answer 8

Dense region in the nucleus of a cell
where ribosome components are assembled

Question 9

Nuclear Envelope

Answer 9

Double membrane surrounding a cell’s nucleus

Question 10

Nuclear Pores

Answer 10

Holes in the nuclear envelope that allow macromolecules to pass in and out of the nucleus

Question 11

Ribosomes

Answer 11

Protein-making machines found in the membrane walls of the endoplasmic reticulum

Question 12

Vesicles

Answer 12

Endomembrane system spheres that transport macromolecules among a cell’s organelles

Question 13

Golgi Body or
Golgi Apparatus

Answer 13

Reticulated sac of the endomembrane system that labels macromolecules

Question 14

Biosystematics

Answer 14

The science of classifying (grouping) and naming organisms

Question 15

Taxon

Plural: Taxa

Answer 15

Group of organisms united by similarity, distinguished from other taxa by discontinuity

Question 16

Taxonomy

Answer 16

The science of naming organisms

Question 17

Phylum

Plural: Phyla

Answer 17

Taxonomic level above class and below kingdom

Question 17

Taxonomic Level

Answer 17

The hierarchal level of a particular taxon

(e.g. species, genus, family, order…)

Question 18

Genus

Plural: Genera

Answer 18

Taxonomic level above species and below
taxonomic family

Question 19

Taxonomic Family

Answer 19

Taxonomic level above genus and below order

Question 20

Order

Answer 20

Taxonomic level above family and below class

Question 21

Kingdom

Answer 21

Taxonomic level above phylum and below domain

Question 21

Class

Answer 21

Taxonomic level above order and below phylum

Question 22

Domain

Answer 22

Taxonomic level above kingdom

Question 23

Homoplasy

Answer 23

Character trait that does not fit the pattern of classification suggested by other characters

Question 24

Netted Hierarchy

Answer 24

A widespread network of similarity that unites all the organisms

Question 25

Prokaryote

Answer 25

Evolutionary term for a cell lacking organelles

AKA bacterium

Question 26

Macroevolution

Answer 26

The origin of taxa above species or the process that generates new taxa above species

Question 27

Macroevolutionary Theory

Answer 27

Naturalistic evolution theory explaining the origin of taxa above species