Chapter 11 ( Energy Metabolism )

Question 1

Where the energy of metabolic fuels is conserved in ?

Answer 1

1- most of it in chemical bonds (electrons) of acetyl-CoA

2- a smaller portion in reducing NAD to NADH or FAD into FADH2

Question 2

Where the energy of Krebs (TCA) cycle is conserved ?

Answer 2

In reducing NAD to NADH or FAD to FADH2

Question 3

In well-fed state where does most of the liver energy needs come from ?

Answer 3

Oxidation of excess amino acids

Question 4

Where does the brain energy needs come from ?

Answer 4

Oxidizing glucose to CO2 and H2O in both well-fed and normal fasting states
Only in prolonged fasting the brain adapts to using Ketones for its energy

Question 5

Where does RBCs energy needs come from ?

Answer 5

UNDER ALL CONDITIONS by using glucose anaerobically

Question 6

In prolonged fasting where most of the muscles energy needs come from ?

Answer 6

Fatty acids

Question 7

Where does the cardiac muscle energy needs come from ?

Answer 7

UNDER ALL CONDITIONS fatty acids are the major fuel , except in fetal life ( Glucose )

Question 8

Where does the carbon skeleton for glucose synthesis come from ?

Answer 8

Lactate
Glycerol
Amino acids

Question 9

Where does the glycerol phosphate required for triglyceride synthesis come from ?

Answer 9

Glucose metabolized in the adipocyte

Question 10

What happens in failing heart regarding energy metabolism ?

Answer 10

Glucose oxidation increases

Beta-oxidation falls