Chapter 11 Disorders and Diseases

Question 1

Epidermal cysts; small, firm papules with no visible opening: whitish, pearl-like masses of sebum and dead cells under the skin. These are more common in dry skin types and may form after skin trauma, such as laser resurfacing

Answer 1

Milia

Question 2

Factor that prohibits a treatment due to a condition

Answer 2

Contraindicate

Question 3

Chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands that is characterized by comedones and blemishes

Answer 3

Acne

Question 4

Mass of hardened sebum and skin cells in a hair follicle. Open=blackhead
Closed=whitehead

Answer 4

Comedone

Question 5

Also known as boil; a subcutaneous abscess filled with pus; caused by bacteria in the glands or hair follicles

Answer 5

Furuncle

Question 6

Physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails

Answer 6

Dermatologist

Question 7

Over production of pigment

Answer 7

Hyperpigmentation

Question 8

Absence of pigment, resulting in light or white splotches

Answer 8

Hypopigmentation

Question 9

Common form of eczema; mainly affects oily areas; characterized by inflammation, scaling, and/or itching

Answer 9

Seborrheic dermatitis

Question 10

Benign lesions frequently seen in oilier areas of the face, An overgrowth of the sebaceous gland, they appear similar to open comedones; often donut-shaped, with sebaceous material in the center

Answer 10

Sebaceous hyperplasia

Question 11

Excessive perspiration caused by heat, genetics, medication, or medical conditions, also called diaphoresis

Answer 11

Hyperhidrosis

Question 12

Deficiency in perspiration; often a result of a fever or skin disease, that requires medical treatment

Answer 12

Anhidrosis

Question 13

Acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands resulting in the eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin from excessive heat exposure

Answer 13

Milaria rubra

Question 14

Excess inflammation: dry skin, redness, and itching from allergies and irritants

Answer 14

Atopic dermatitis

Question 15

Inflammatory skin condition caused by contact with a substance or chemical

Answer 15

Contact dermatitis

Question 16

Acne like condition around the mouth. These are mainly small clusters of papules that could be caused by toothpaste or products used on the face

Answer 16

Perioral dermatitis

Question 17

Swelling caused by fluid imbalance in cells or a response to injury or infection

Answer 17

Edema

Question 18

Redness caused by inflammation

Answer 18

Erythema

Question 19

Also known as razor bumps; resembles folliculitis without the pus or infection

Answer 19

Pseudofolliculitis

Question 20

Skin disease characterized by red patches covered with white-silver scales. It is caused by an over-proliferation of skin cells that replicate too fast. Immune dysfunction could be the cause. It is usually found in patches on the scalp, elbows, knees, chest, and lower back

Answer 20

Psoriasis

Question 21

Also known as hives; caused by an allergic reaction from the body’s histamine production

Answer 21

Urticaria

Question 22

Inflammation of the skin characterized by extreme redness, dilation of blood vessels, and in sever cases the formation of papules and pustules. It is chronic congestion primarily on the cheeks and nose

Answer 22

Rosacea

Question 23

Vascular dilation of blood vessels

Answer 23

Vasodilation

Question 24

Capillaries that have been damaged and are now larger, or distended blood vessels. Commonly called couperose skin and characterized by redness

Answer 24

Telangiectasia

Question 25

Large blister containing watery fluid; similar to a vesicle, but larger

Answer 25

Bulla

Question 26

Closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, or other matter above or below the skin

Answer 26

Cyst

Question 27

Smaller bumps caused by conditions such as scar tissue, fatty deposits, or infections; often referred to as tumors

Answer 27

Nodule

Question 28

Pimple; small elevation of the skin that contains no fluid but may develop pus

Answer 28

Papule

Question 29

Raised, inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus in the top of the lesion referred to as the head of the pimple

Answer 29

Pustule

Question 30

Abnormal rounded, solid lump; larger than a papule

Answer 30

Tubercle

Question 31

Small blister or sac containing clear fluid. Poison ivy and poison oak produce these

Answer 31

Vesicle

Question 32

Itchy, swollen lesion caused by a blow, insect bite, skin allergy reaction, or stings. Hives and mosquito bites are these

Answer 32

Wheal

Question 33

Dead cells form over a wound or blemish while it is healing, resulting in an accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal material, An example is the scab on a sore

Answer 33

Crust

Question 34

Disorder where clients purposely scrape off acne lesions, causing scarring and discoloration

Answer 34

Acne excoriee

Question 35

Crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis, Chapped lips or hands are examples

Answer 35

Fissure

Question 36

Thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue (collagen)

Answer 36

Keloid

Question 37

Flaky skin cells; any thin plate of epidermal flakes, dry, or oily. An example is abnormal or excessive dandruff

Answer 37

Scale

Question 38

Open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by pus and loss of skin depth

Answer 38

Ulcer

Question 39

Also known as liver spots; condition characterized by hyperpigmentation on the skin in spots that are not elevated

Answer 39

Chloasma

Question 40

Freckles; small yellow-brown colored spots. Lentigenes that result from sunlight exposure are actinic, or solar. Patches are referred to as large macules

Answer 40

Lentigo

Question 41

A term for hyperpigmentation triggered by hormonal changes, often during pregnancy or with birth control use

Answer 41

Melasma

Question 42

Also known as birthmark; malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries

Answer 42

Nevus

Question 43

Increase in pigmentation due to the melanin production that results from exposure to UV radiation: visible skin damage

Answer 43

Tan

Question 44

Absence of melanin pigmentation in the body, including skin, hair, and eyes; the technical term is congenital leukoderma or congenital hypopigmentation

Answer 44

Albinism

Question 45

Skin disorder characterized by light, abnormal patches; congenital, acquired, post inflammatory, or other causes that destroy pigment producing cells

Answer 45

Leukoderma

Question 46

Pink or flesh colored precancerous lesions that feel sharp or rough; resulting from sun damage

Answer 46

Actinic keratosis

Question 47

Thickening of the skin caused by a mass of keratinized cells

Answer 47

Hyperkeratosis

Question 48

Acquired, superficial, thickened patch of epidermis, An example would be a callus

Answer 48

Keratoma

Question 49

Redness and bumpiness common on the cheeks or upper arms; it is caused by blocked hair follicles

Answer 49

Keratosis pilaris

Question 50

Pigmented nevus; a brownish spot ranging in color from tan to blueish-black

Answer 50

Mole

Question 51

Also known as a wart; hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis caused by a virus. It is infectious and contagious

Answer 51

Verruca

Question 52

Hereditary factor in which dead skin cells build up and do not shed from the follicles as they do on normal skin

Answer 52

Retention hyperkeratosis