Chapter 11: Axial muscles Flashcards
the more moveable (less stable) attachment point is called what?
insertion
the less moveable (more stable) attachment point is called what?
origin
the muscle that contracts during movement is called what?
agonist
assists agonist in generating movement force is called what?
synergist
relaxes during joint movement is called what?
antagonist
what is the origin, insertion, and action of the Frontal belly
O - epicranial aponeurosis
I - skin over supraorbital margin
A - wrinkle forehead, raise eyebrows
What is the origin, insertion and Action of the Orbicularis Oculi
O - medial wall of orbit
I - skin surrounding eyelids
A - blink/close eye
What is the origin, insertion and Action of the orbicularis oris
O - Maxilla and mandible
I - skin and muscles around mouth
A - close mouth, kiss
What is the origin, insertion and Action of the zygomaticus minor?
O - zygomatic bone
I - skin of superior lip
A - pulling up corner of the mouth (smiling)
What is the origin, insertion and Action of the zygomaticus major?
O - zygomatic bone
I - skin at superolateral edge of mouth
A - pulling up corner of the mouth (smiling)
What is the origin, insertion and Action of the depressor anguli oris?
O - body of mandible
I - skin at inferior corner of mouth
A - pulls corner of mouth down (frown)
What is the origin, insertion and Action of the masseter?
O - zygomatic arch
I - ramus part and angle of the mandible
A - elevation of the mandible
The insertion usually moves (towards/away) from the origin?
Towards
What muscles makes up the superficial suprahyoid group?
mylohyoid
stylohyoid
digastric
what muscles make up the superficial infrahyoid group?
Omohyoid
sternohyoid
what muscles make up the scalene group?
anterior, middle, posterior
What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Sternocleidomastoid?
O - sternum, clavicle
I - mastoid process
A - unilateral : turning head left to right (contraction of right = head turns to the left)
Bilateral : flexion of the neck
What is the origin, insertion, and action of the of the splenius capitis?
O - ligamentum nuchae
I - mastoid process and occipital bone
A - unilateral : turns head to the same side
bilateral : extends head
What is the origin, insertion, and action of the splenius cervicis
O - ligamentum nuchae
I - mastoid process and occipital bone
A - unilateral : turn head left and right (contraction of right side muscle = head turns to the right)
bilateral : extension and hyperextension of neck
What is the action of the diaphragm?
A - expansion of thoracic cavity space
What is the origin, insertion, and action of the External Oblique?
O - ribs
I - iliac spine
A - unilateral : rotation of trunk (use left muscles = rotation to right or opp. side)
bilateral : flexion of the trunk “bending forward”
movement toward insertion
What is the origin, insertion, and action of the Rectus Abdominus?
O - Pubis (superior ramus)
I - xiphoid process and ribs 5, 6, 7
A - Flexion of the trunk
what muscles make up the Erector spinae “super group”
Spinalis
Longissimus
Iliocostalis
What muscles are involved in breathing?
Serratus Posterior Superior Serratus Posterior Inferior External Intercostals Internal Intercostals Diaphragm Scalenes
What muscles are involved in chewing?
Temporalis
masseter
medial and lateral pterygoids
