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Endo Final > Chapter 11- Adrenals > Flashcards

Chapter 11- Adrenals Flashcards

1
Q

Which endocrinologist is associated with STRESS ADAPTATION?

A

Han Selye

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2
Q

What are the THREE stages of STRESS ADAPTATION?

A

alarm stage
resistance stage
exhaustion stage

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3
Q

The CORTEX of the adrenal gland includes ____________

a. zona glomerulosa
b. zona fasciculate
c. zona reticularis

A

ALL THREE

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4
Q

The ____________ is responsible for the production of ALDOSTERONE in the adrenal gland

a. zona glomerulosa
b. zona fasciculate
c. zona reticularis

A

zona glomerulosa

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5
Q

Which hormone, produced by the zone glomerulosa in the adrenal gland is responsible for LONG TERM BLOOD PRESSURE?

A

aldosterone (mineralcorticoid)

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6
Q

The function of the Zona Glomerulosa is renal ABSORPTION of __________ and EXCRETION of __________

A

sodium

hydrogen and potassium ions (H, K)

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7
Q

Which region do GLUCOCORTICOIDS such as Cortisol and Cortisterone synthesize within the adrenal gland?

a. zona glomerulosa
b. zona fasciculate
c. zona reticularis

A

zona fasciculate

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8
Q

What is the PRIMARY function of the Zona Fasciculate?

A

metabolism of glucose

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9
Q

DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) is associated with which region of the Adrenal Gland?

a. zona glomerulosa
b. zona fasciculate
c. zona reticularis

A

Zona Reticularis

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10
Q

What is the function of ACTH (anterior pituitary)?

A

regulates androgen

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11
Q

The INNER adrenal gland is known as the __________

A

medulla

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12
Q

Epinephrine AND Norepinephrine are the TWO hormones secreted by the __________ of the adrenal gland

A

Medulla

they are CATECHOLAMINES

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13
Q

Where do CATECHOLAMINES synthesize in the adrenal gland?

A

medulla

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14
Q

__________ is a catecholamine, synthesized in the MEDULLA of the adrenals that is released from a POST-SYMPATHETIC GANGLION, AFFECTS THE HEART, and CONSTRICTS the BVs when pressure DROPS

A

norepinephrine

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15
Q

__________ is a catecholamine which is a NEUROTRANSMITTER, that INCREASES BP, DILATES BVs in the SKELETAL MUSCLE and LIVER

A

epinephrine

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16
Q

Name the TWO adrenal disorders

A

addison’s disease

cushing’s disease

17
Q

Which adrenal disorder involves HYPOsecretion of the adrenals?

A

addison’s disease

18
Q

Which adrenal disorder involves HYPERsecretion of the adrenals?

A

cushing’s disease

19
Q

People with Addison’s disease produce too __________ CORTISOL and ALDOSTERONE, and have ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY (3)

A

little

20
Q

Muscle weakness and fatigue, weight loss, decreased appetite, and hyper pigmentation are all associated with __________

A

Addison’s disease

21
Q

A person who CRAVES SALT, has MUSCLE or JOINT PAIN and BODY HAIR LOSS or SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION may have __________

A

Addison’s disease

22
Q

Hyperpigmentation or DARKENING OF THE SKIN may be present in people with which disease?

A

addison’s disease

23
Q

__________ are responsible for LIBIDO and a sense of WELL BEING in men and women

A

adrenal hormones

24
Q

In PRIMARY adrenal insufficiency, the __________ is damaged

A

adrenal cortex

25
Q

In SECONDARY adrenal insufficiency, the __________ is diseased

A

pituitary gland

26
Q

CORTICOSTEROIDS are used to treat __________ adrenal insufficiency

A

secondary

27
Q

Which chronic condition is associated with SECONDARY adrenal insufficiency?

A

asthma

28
Q

People with CUSHING’S disease secrete too MUCH __________

A

cortisol

29
Q

Thinning of the skin, bruising and high CP are all associated with __________

A

Cushing’s disease

30
Q

People with a puffy face or “MOON FACE” have which disease?

A

Cushing’s disease

31
Q

People with Cushing’s disease commonly present with a hump on the back of the neck and shoulders. This is known as a __________

A

buffalo hump

Endo Final (4 decks)

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