Chapter 11- Adrenals Flashcards
Which endocrinologist is associated with STRESS ADAPTATION?
Han Selye
What are the THREE stages of STRESS ADAPTATION?
alarm stage
resistance stage
exhaustion stage
The CORTEX of the adrenal gland includes ____________
a. zona glomerulosa
b. zona fasciculate
c. zona reticularis
ALL THREE
The ____________ is responsible for the production of ALDOSTERONE in the adrenal gland
a. zona glomerulosa
b. zona fasciculate
c. zona reticularis
zona glomerulosa
Which hormone, produced by the zone glomerulosa in the adrenal gland is responsible for LONG TERM BLOOD PRESSURE?
aldosterone (mineralcorticoid)
The function of the Zona Glomerulosa is renal ABSORPTION of __________ and EXCRETION of __________
sodium
hydrogen and potassium ions (H, K)
Which region do GLUCOCORTICOIDS such as Cortisol and Cortisterone synthesize within the adrenal gland?
a. zona glomerulosa
b. zona fasciculate
c. zona reticularis
zona fasciculate
What is the PRIMARY function of the Zona Fasciculate?
metabolism of glucose
DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) is associated with which region of the Adrenal Gland?
a. zona glomerulosa
b. zona fasciculate
c. zona reticularis
Zona Reticularis
What is the function of ACTH (anterior pituitary)?
regulates androgen
The INNER adrenal gland is known as the __________
medulla
Epinephrine AND Norepinephrine are the TWO hormones secreted by the __________ of the adrenal gland
Medulla
they are CATECHOLAMINES
Where do CATECHOLAMINES synthesize in the adrenal gland?
medulla
__________ is a catecholamine, synthesized in the MEDULLA of the adrenals that is released from a POST-SYMPATHETIC GANGLION, AFFECTS THE HEART, and CONSTRICTS the BVs when pressure DROPS
norepinephrine
__________ is a catecholamine which is a NEUROTRANSMITTER, that INCREASES BP, DILATES BVs in the SKELETAL MUSCLE and LIVER
epinephrine
Name the TWO adrenal disorders
addison’s disease
cushing’s disease
Which adrenal disorder involves HYPOsecretion of the adrenals?
addison’s disease
Which adrenal disorder involves HYPERsecretion of the adrenals?
cushing’s disease
People with Addison’s disease produce too __________ CORTISOL and ALDOSTERONE, and have ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY (3)
little
Muscle weakness and fatigue, weight loss, decreased appetite, and hyper pigmentation are all associated with __________
Addison’s disease
A person who CRAVES SALT, has MUSCLE or JOINT PAIN and BODY HAIR LOSS or SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION may have __________
Addison’s disease
Hyperpigmentation or DARKENING OF THE SKIN may be present in people with which disease?
addison’s disease
__________ are responsible for LIBIDO and a sense of WELL BEING in men and women
adrenal hormones
In PRIMARY adrenal insufficiency, the __________ is damaged
adrenal cortex
In SECONDARY adrenal insufficiency, the __________ is diseased
pituitary gland
CORTICOSTEROIDS are used to treat __________ adrenal insufficiency
secondary
Which chronic condition is associated with SECONDARY adrenal insufficiency?
asthma
People with CUSHING’S disease secrete too MUCH __________
cortisol
Thinning of the skin, bruising and high CP are all associated with __________
Cushing’s disease
People with a puffy face or “MOON FACE” have which disease?
Cushing’s disease
People with Cushing’s disease commonly present with a hump on the back of the neck and shoulders. This is known as a __________
buffalo hump
