Chapter 11 Flashcards
suggests that children develop a sense of emotional security based upon how their parents react to them in social situations.
Attachment Theory
allows for balance of closeness and distance with parents
Secure Attachment
Discomfort with closeness and desire distance from parents, maladaptive form of attachment
Insecure Resistant Attachment
needs closeness and discomfort associated with distance from parent figure, can lead to poor relationships later in life
Insecure Avoidant Attachment
have no desire for closeness and do not fear distance, high level of approach/avoidant anxiety – i.e. autistic
Disorganized Attachment
High levels of expectations and demanding but also involves high levels of support and responsiveness to needs. Parents involved in this parenting style are focused on child’s needs and development.
Authoritative
High levels of expectations and demandingness but do not engage in reasons or explain principles of behaviors. Parents engaged in this style promote high levels of conformity to rules, children often later in life tend to rebel/break rules.
Authoritarian
Hands off or Laissez-faire. Parents are permissive and indulgent. They desire to have children as friends or confidents. Fosters strong emotion but does not provide sufficient guidance/control of child’s behaviors.
Permissive/indulgent
The use of Physical Force for the purpose of correction or control of one’s behavior.
Corporal Punishment
Classic Conditioning,
repetitive training where the response
is the reward. If a child hears his mother’s
Voice, footsteps, elicits a response from child
Pavlov Theory
Responses are rewarded,
i.e. child mumbling da-da, gets picked up,
therefore child learns to use the da-da for
a reinforcement.
Skinner Theory
This theory suggests that women are more physical than genetic due to their roles as satisfaction for infants basic needs, i.e. breastfeeding.
Ethological Perspective
Socialization is the lifelong process of learning, developing and operating in society
Theories of Socialization
Importance of biological drives and unconscious processes
Psychoanalytic Frame of Reference
sucking, warmth
Oral
excretion, retention and elimination
Anal
preoccupation with genitals
Phallic
onset of puberty, attach to parent of same sex
Latency Phase
Young adulthood, group activities, marriage, adult interests
Genital Phase
placed importance on social structure and reasoning
Erikson and Piaget
development as an ability to reason abstractly to think about situations in a logical way and to organize rules in to complex higher structures
Piaget
a social phenomenon developed by interaction with others
Self
Internalized roles, i.e. sister, girl, brother, boss, student
Social Self
ways of behaving consistently
Personality
biological condition of being male/female
Sex
the expectations associated with being one sex or another
Sex Roles
the expectations of being masculine or feminine
Gender roles
the way one perceives themselves
Gender Identity
