Chapter 11

Question 1

Define defense mechanisms

Answer 1

the techniques the ego uses to cnotain dangerous thoughts and impulses

Question 2

Another name for Freudian slips is ________

Answer 2

Parapraxes

Question 3

Through what mechanism does Freud beleive the ego purposely allows the expression of forbidden feelings or thoughts?

Answer 3

Wit and Humour

Question 4

What is psychic conflict?

Answer 4

The mind battling itself, the ID, Ego and Superego fight each other.

Question 5

The result of psychic conflict is _______

Answer 5

anxiety

Question 6

Ego psychologists believe that_______is an important function of the ego

Answer 6

compromise formation

Question 7

What is terror management theory?

Answer 7

The fact that many of our thought processes and motivations are based on an effort to deal with and avoid thinking about the fact that everyone is going to die someday.

Question 8

Who developed Terror management theory?

Answer 8

Tom Pyszczynski, Jeff Greenberg and Sheldon Solomon

Question 9

What can cause realistic anxiety?

Answer 9

Relationships, school. career, any threat to self-esteem

Question 10

Is it good to experience anxiety?

Answer 10

-yes and no
The student who is anxious about the test will study and do better than the student who just doesn’t think about it. This will reduce the student who was originally anxious’s anxiety in the long run.
- Must keep anxiety within bounds

Question 11

What are the ego’s eight defense strategies?

Answer 11

Denial, repression, reaction formation, projection, rationalization, intellectualization, displacement, sublimation.

Question 12

Define denial

Answer 12

A person refuses to acknowledge the source of current anxiety or fails to perceive it in the first place. Effective in the short term but leads to lack or contact with reality in the long run.

Question 13

What is the primary purpose of denial?

Answer 13

To keep someone form being overwhelmed by the initial shock at something while other ore permanent psychological resources are gathered

Question 14

Define Repression

Answer 14

Refers to banishing the past from your present awareness and managing not to think about it. More complex and longer lasting than denial. Repression requires psychic energy from the ego to fight the id and superego’s energy, if too much is repressed anxiety will break through.

Question 15

How does repression cause depression?

Answer 15

Because the ego’s energ store is limited the more energy devoted to depression the less for anything else and a severe shortage of free psychic energy can lead to depression.

Question 16

Define Reaction formation

Answer 16

Keeps forbidden thoughts, feelings and impulses out of awareness by instigating their opposites. The impulse never reaches conscious

Question 17

When is reaction formation most likely to be used?

Answer 17

If the forbidden impulse is very dangerous or strong and an extra defense seems necessary.

Question 18

According to reaction formation someone who loudly denounces homosexuals is actually __________

Answer 18

in favour/ a homosexual

Question 19

An example of reaction formation between siblings is:

Answer 19

The older siblings love of younger siblings. Originally they hated them but then they discovered that parents care and out of fear love them. lol

Question 20

Projection

Answer 20

attribute an unwanted impulse or attribute in oneself to other people

Question 21

Rationalization

Answer 21

Create a seemingly logical reason for doing something shameful.

Question 22

Intellectualization

Answer 22

Translate a threatening situation into cold, intellectual terms

Question 23

Displacement

Answer 23

Redirect forbidden impulse onto a safer target

Question 24

Sublimation

Answer 24

Convert base impulse into a noble cause, productive activity

Question 25

“I forgot” is an example of

Answer 25

Repression

Question 26

“Pornography is the biggest menace to humanity there is” is an example of

Answer 26

Reaction formation

Question 27

“you have to be cruel to be kind” is an example of

Answer 27

Rationalization

Question 28

“Professor dartboards” is an example of

Answer 28

Displacement

Question 29

“Football or high art” is an example of

Answer 29

Sublimation

Question 30

“No! That isn’t possible” is an example of

Answer 30

Denial

Question 31

“The patient expired” is an example of

Answer 31

Intellectualization

Question 32

“I’m surrounded by morons” is an example of

Answer 32

Projection

Question 33

If people are told to think about a bad trait in themselves and then rate another person they tend to rate the other person as worse in the bad trait in themselves, this is an example of_________

Answer 33

Projection

Question 34

What is the most widely used defense mechanism

Answer 34

Rationalization

Question 35

When people express an opinion that is not their own they experience this__________. And as a result change their belief to match what they said___________

Answer 35

cognitive dissonance

Rationalization

Question 36

Which defense mechanism is a property of the ids primary process thinking

Answer 36

Displacement

Question 37

Displacement can be a problem if_______

Answer 37

If it eliminates direct action and if it harms innocents

Question 38

What are parapraxes?

Answer 38

Freudian slips or leage from the unconscious mind manifesting as a mistake, accident or omission

Question 39

Examples of Parapraxes

Answer 39

Forgetting, word “freudian” slips,

Question 40

How are humour and Parapraxes different?

Answer 40

Parapraxes are failures of defense and can be harmful while humour expresses forbidden impulses in a controlled manner

Question 41

Freud saw wit as a form of the defense mechanism ________

Answer 41

sublimation

Question 42

What tactic is important in order for humour to be seen as funny when expressing a forbidden impulse?

Answer 42

Surprise

Question 43

When won’t jokes be funny?

Answer 43

If the person doesn’t have the forbidden impulse

Question 44

Critiques of Freuds theory:

Answer 44

1) Excessive Complexity -doesn’t follow occam’s razer
2) Used case studies that can’t be tested b/c they are confidential
3) Vague definitions
4) Untestable
5) Sexism