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Criminal Investigation > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

0
Q

High probability of death
Serious and/or permanent disfigurement
Loss or impairment of body members or organs

A

Aggravated assault

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1
Q

Threats by one person to cause bodily harm or death to another. Purposefully inflicting bodily harm on another

A

Simple assault

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2
Q

Preliminary investigation stages of assault investigations:

A 
Control and disarm those involved in the altercation 
Provide medical aid
Separate suspects 
Protect the crime scene
Give Miranda warning
Obtain prelim statements
Photograph any evidence
Collect and preserve evidence
Reconstruct crime
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3
Q

It entails repeat victimization of the person the offender targets. It is partly defined by its impact on the victim. A course of conduct directed at a specific person that would cause a reasonable person fear

A

Stalking

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4
Q

Stalking is a ____________ directed at a specific person that would cause a reasonable person fear.

A

Course of conduct

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5
Q

Three broad categories of stalking based on the relationship between the stalker and the victim

A
  1. Intimate or former intimate stalking
  2. Acquaintance stalking
  3. Stranger stalking
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6
Q

The UCR defines forcible rape as ______________ of a female forcibly and against her will

A

The carnal knowledge

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7
Q

Rapes reported under the UCR program are always of _______ ,sex attacks on males are excluded

A

females

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8
Q

Some jurisdictions refer to ________ rape as sexual battery which involves intentional and wrongful physical contact with a person without his or her consent that entails a sexual component or purpose

A

same sex

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9
Q

According to common law the crime of rape of a female over the age of consent involves three elements

A

Carnal knowledge (penetration)
Forcible submission
Lack of consent

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10
Q

Rape cases or somewhat unique in that evidence may present itself in three general areas

A

On the crime scene
On the victim
On the suspect or at locations occupied by the suspect

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11
Q

Primary motivation is power over his victim. Will usually deploy a plan of attack. Will usually select victims through prior observations. Also known as gentleman rapist

A

Power-reassurance rapist (manhood)

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12
Q

Rapists primary desire is to demonstrate his manhood to the victim through sexual assault. Seldom plans his attacks will probably use the con approach with his victim, typically of same race and age group as assailant moderate degree of force

A

Power assertive rapist

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13
Q

Offender vents his anger and frustration toward the opposite sex by punishing them. Typically use a blitz type of attack with use of force before and after attack

A

Anger retaliatory rapist

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14
Q

Offender has a strong propensity toward sadism is prone to severely injure or murder his victim and enjoys the victims response to the infliction of pain and torture

A

anger excitation rapist

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15
Q

Victim is approached openly with a subterfuge or cover

A

Con approach

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16
Q

Immediate physical assault is used to subdue the victim

A

Blitz approach

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17
Q

Attacker waits for the victim in a secluded area and then approaches of his own volition

A

Surprise approach

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18
Q

Derogatory gestures or name calling between two persons does not give the right to use violence or force against the other

A

Naler v State 1933

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19
Q

Hostages overtime identify with their captors (battering relationships)

A

Stockholm syndrome

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20
Q

Nearly 60 percent of female victims and 30 percent of male victims are stalked by _______________.

A

Current or former intimate partners

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21
Q

The behavior of stalking lasts only a relatively short period of time about two thirds of all stalking cases last a ___________.

A

year or less

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22
Q

70 to 80 percent of stalking cases fall into this category

A

Intimate or former intimate stalking

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23
Q

60 percent of women are stalked by spouses or former spouses live in partners or dates while 70 percent of men are stalked by ______________

A

Acquaintances or strangers

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24
Q

There must be ________ on the part of the woman before there can be a foundation for a rape charge

A

Resistance

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25
Q

Consent may involve submission but submission does not necessarily _____________.

A

imply consent

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26
Q

Corroboration is supportive evidence that tends to prove that a crime was committed it lends credence to the allegation that the crime occurred and need not be _____________.

A

Proved beyond doubt

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27
Q

A single strand of hair may reveal the _____________of the attacker

A

Gender, race, age ,and true color of the hair of it’s host

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28
Q

List of some essential elements of the rape evidence kit

A 
Head hair brushing comb
Pubic hair brushing comb
Packages for hair collection
Vaginal swabbings
Oral swabbings
Anal swabbings
Fingernail scrapings
Misc debris collection
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29
Q

An officers first duty at the scene of a rape is to __________ and obtain medical attention immediately if required

A

aid the victim

30
Q

The forensic exam has two main goals

A

Treat the assault survivor for medical injuries and to collect evidence that may lead to the arrest prosecution and conviction of the offender

31
Q

Power reassurance rapist accounting for an estimated 81 percent of rapes that are reported ,the term power does not imply that he desires to harm his victim physically in any way _______

A

he does not

32
Q

Use of force may include four levels of severity

A

Minimal force-minimal slapping may be use to intimidate
Moderate force repeated hitting or slapping in a painful manner is accompanied by use of profanity
Excessive force victim is beaten on all or most parts of her body
Brutal force sadistic torture infliction of physical and emotional pain are used

33
Q

If the assault was a mutual assault officers must try to determine the primary physical aggressor by:

A

Prior domestic violence involving either person
Seriousness of injuries inflicted upon each person
Potential for future injury
If assault was committed in self defense
Any other factor that will help officer

34
Q

Restraining orders also known as _______ or protective orders are intended to prevent offenders from further harassing threatening or contacting the victims.

A

“Stay away”

35
Q

Those with robust abuse histories may be the ________to be deterred by such orders

A

least likely

36
Q

Preying on a victim through his or her computer

A

Cyberstalking

37
Q

Clothing should be covered with ______ before folding and each item individually placed in an evidence bag.

A

paper

38
Q

If the victim dies before the physical examination she should not be examined by the attending physician. Instead body should be examined by the _______________.

A

Posting physician or medical examiner

39
Q

This ______ period gives the victim an opportunity to relieve emotional tension

A

“Ventilation”

40
Q

Arresting both participants in domestic violence incident under the principle of “mutual combat” is __________ toward interrupting the pattern of violence

A

ineffective

41
Q

It is estimated that more than a ________ women and nearly half a million men are stalked in the US each year

A

million

42
Q

___ of victims are women and majority of offenders 87% are men

A

78%

43
Q

Most victims _____ their stalkers

A

Know

44
Q

In over 75 percent of completed and attempted female homicides by intimates the offenders stalked the victims in the ________ the offense

A

year before

45
Q

Male stalking is often linked to the ____________that the targets hold in society

A

High profile positions

46
Q

Men stalk other men for same reasons they stalk women: a complex mix of mental and personality disorders that can include schizophrenia, drug dependency, _________ and antisocial behavior

A

narcissism

47
Q

70 to 80 percent of stalking cases fall into this category

A

Intimate or former intimate stalking

48
Q

Stalker and victim know each other casually

A

Acquaintance stalking

49
Q

Stalker and victim do not know each other at all

A

Stranger stalking

50
Q

The first multi jurisdictional computer forensic laboratory in the country was established in ____________. It aims to identify cyber stalkers

A

1999 in San Diego California

51
Q

60 percent of women are stalked by spouses former spouses live in partners or dates while 70 percent of men are stalked by ____________

A

acquaintances or strangers

52
Q

In many cases the crime if stalking requires the victim actually suffer _________ because of the stalkers conduct

A

substantial emotional distress

53
Q

An estimated _____ of all sexual assaults are believed to go unreported to authorities

A

50 percent

54
Q

The victims fear of _______ has been cited as the reason most often given for non reports

A

Embarrassment

55
Q

It has been estimated that _____ of all college women have been victims of rape or attempted rape

A

20 percent

56
Q

In a majority of rape cases the attack is premeditated, in about _______ of the cases

A

80 percent

57
Q

Rohypnol and GHB

A

Date rape drugs

58
Q

Rapes between midnight and 5am every 7-20 days

A

Power reassurance rapist

59
Q

Has no vehicle rapes within walking distance of his home

A

Power reassurance rapist

60
Q

Rapes between 7pm and 1am every 20 to 25 days

A

Power assertive rapist

61
Q

Selects victims by watching and window peeping

A

Power reassurance rapist

62
Q

Selects women his own age uses overpowering approach or con approach dominates victim indoor or outdoor

A

Power assertive rapist

63
Q

Uses weapon of choice

A

Power assertive

64
Q

Seldom plans his attacks and is an opportunist by nature. Victims are same sex and age group as assailant

A

Power assertive rapist

65
Q

Any hour irregular 6-12 month intervals

A

Anger retaliatory

66
Q

Victim of opportunity in own neighborhood or near work

A

Anger retaliatory

67
Q

Blitz attack

A

Anger retaliatory

68
Q

Uses profanity and degrading languages

A

Anger retaliatory

69
Q

Loner drinker sports fan laborer or construction worker

A

Anger retaliatory

70
Q

Extremely well planned

A

Anger excitation

71
Q

Gloves and mask included in rape kit

A

Anger excitation

72
Q

Day or night irregular intervals

A

Anger excitation

Criminal Investigation (7 decks)

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