Chapter 11

Question 1

Depressants

Answer 1

These substances result in behavioral sedation and can induce relaxation. The include alcohol and sedative, hypnotic, and anxiolytic drugs in the families of barbiturates (seconal) and benzodiazepines (Valium, Xanax)

Question 2

Stimulants

Answer 2

Cause us to be more active and alert and can elevate mood. Included in this group are amphetamines (Adderall), cocaine, nicotine, caffeine.

Question 3

Opiate

Answer 3

Produce analgesia temporarily (reduce pain) and euphoria. Heroin, opium, codeine, and morphine are included in this group.

Question 4

Hallucinogens

Answer 4

Alter sensory perception and can produce delusions, paranoia, and hallucinations. Marijuana and LSD are included in this category.

Question 5

Other Drugs of Abuse

Answer 5

Other substances that do not neatly fit into one of the substance categories are:
Inhalants
Anabolic Steroids
Other over the counter and prescribed meds
These substances produce a variety of psychoactive effects that are characteristic of the substances described in previous groups.

Question 6

Inhalants

Answer 6

Airplane glue, spray paint

Question 7

Barbituates

Answer 7

family of sedative drugs first synthesized in Germany in 1882, they were prescribed to help people sleep and replaced such drugs as alcohol and opium.

Question 8

Benzodiazepines

Answer 8

Antianxiety drugs including Valium, Xanax, Dalmane, and Halcion also used to treat insomnia. Effective against anxiety (and, at high potency, panic disorder), they show some side effects, such as some cognitive and motor impairment, and may result in substance dependence. Relapse rates are extremely high when the drug is discontinued.

Question 9

LSD

Answer 9

d-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide- AKA Acid- most common hallucinogenic drug. a synthetic version of the grain fungus ergot.

Question 10

Agnoist Substitution

Answer 10

Replacement of a drug on which a person is dependent with one that has a similar chemical makeup, an agonist. Used as a treatment for substance dependence.

Question 11

Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH)

Answer 11

Enzyme that helps humans metabolize alcohol. Different levels of its subtypes may account for different susceptibilities to disorders such as fetal alcohol syndrome.

Question 12

Alcohol Use Disorders

Answer 12

Cognitive, biological, behavioral, and social problems associated with alcohol use and abuse.

Question 13

Amphetamine Use Disorders

Answer 13

Psychological, biological, behavioral, and social problems associated with amphetamine use and abuse.

Question 14

Antagonist Drugs

Answer 14

Medications that block or counteract the effects of psychoactive drugs.

Question 15

Caffeine Use Disorders

Answer 15

Cognitive, biological, behavioral, and social problems associated with the use and abuse of caffeine.

Question 16

Cocaine Use Disorders

Answer 16

Cognitive, biological, behavioral, and social problems associated with the use and abuse of cocaine.

Question 17

Controlled Drinking

Answer 17

An extremely controversial treatment approach to alcohol dependence, in which severe abusers are taught to drink in moderation.

Question 18

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome

Answer 18

Pattern of problems including learning difficulties, behavior deficits, and characteristic physical flaws, resulting from heavy drinking by the victim’s mother when she was pregnant with the victim.

Question 19

Hallucinogen Use Disorders

Answer 19

Cognitive, biological, behavioral, and social problems associated with the use and abuse of hallucinogenic substances.

Question 20

Impulse-Control Disorders

Answer 20

Disorders in which a person acts on an irresistible, but potentially harmful, impulse.

Question 21

Intermittent Explosive Disorder

Answer 21

Episodes during which a person acts on aggressive impulses that result in serious assaults or destruction of property.

Question 22

Kleptomania

Answer 22

Recurrent failure to resist urges to steal things not needed for personal use or their monetary value.

Question 23

Polysubstance Use

Answer 23

Use of multiple mind- and behavior-altering substances, such as drugs.

Question 24

Psychoactive Substances

Answer 24

Substances, such as drugs, that alter mood or behavior.

Question 25

Relapse Prevention

Answer 25

Extending therapeutic progress by teaching the client how to cope with future troubling situations.

Question 26

Substance Abuse

Answer 26

Pattern of psychoactive substance use leading to significant distress or impairment in social and occupational roles and in hazardous situations.

Question 27

Substance Dependence

Answer 27

Maladaptive pattern of substance use characterized by the need for increased amounts to achieve the desired effect, negative physical effects when the substance is withdrawn, unsuccessful efforts to control its use, and substantial effort expended to seek it or recover from its effects. Also known as addiction.

Question 28

Substance Intoxication

Answer 28

Physiological reactions, such as impaired judgment and motor ability, as well as mood changes, resulting from the ingestion of psychoactive substances.

Question 29

Substance Related Disorders

Answer 29

Range of problems associated with the use and abuse of drugs such as alcohol, cocaine, heroin, and other substances people use to alter the way they think, feel, and behave. These are extremely costly in human and financial terms.

Question 30

Trichotillomania

Answer 30

People’s urge to pull out their own hair from anywhere on the body, including the scalp, eyebrows, and arm.

Question 31

Withdrawal Delirium

Answer 31

Frightening hallucinations and body tremors that result when a heavy drinker withdraws from alcohol.