Chapter 11 Flashcards
trustworthiness
the extent to which a study produces legitimate knowledge
authenticity
correspondence between the observation and the observed
credibility
the extent to which the results of the analysis “fit” with the reality being depicted.
portability
the extent to which a study’s results can be used to draw conclusions about other phenomena.
transferability
refers to the extent to which researchers can export lessons from a study to draw conclusions about other cases
Precision
the extent to which others can reach similar conclusions under similar circumstance
Dependability
the extent to which the researcher has produced accurate results based on precise methods.
impartial knowledge
findings based on evidence
confirmability
“Can these findings be confirmed by another individual, independent of the original researcher’s predispositions?”
open coding
the initial review of the raw material, where the researcher obtains a general sense of its major themes and records any noticeable patterns.
CAQDAS
computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software, which are designed to assist researchers in coding, retrieving, storing, and analyzing qualitative data
axial coding
when the researcher takes more detailed notes about the content found in the raw materials, categorizing specific phrases, events, or passages as belonging under the broad themes identified in stage one (open coding).
tagging
the researcher highlighting important sections of a text, circling key parts of an image, or annotating important segments of a video.
quantizing
buttressing their findings with reference to frequencies and other quantitative measures
qualitize
contextualizing their findings with direct quotations from various documents or sources
selective coding
the researcher verifying that all of the chunks really fit under the themes identified.
in vivo coding
patterns named after manifest content in the texts.
OCR
optical character recognition scanners designed to convert the text into digital/electronic format
multi-method research or triangulation.
combine multiple research strategies in a single study or project
Investigator triangulation
refers to the use of research teams, rather than individuals, to study and interpret events or phenomena.
member checks
a process through which their inferences are verified by the subjects of their analysis.
Closed coding
coding of each case based on a specific list of values.
Codebook
developed to guide coding, an instrument that lists the elements of the text that will be observed (variables) and itemizes how they will be categorized (values).
Coding sheet
a sheet on which coders can record the values for each case.
Coding
the systematic categorization of different aspects of communication.
Content analysis:
quantitative research technique used to analyze the message characteristics in any form of communication
Critical discourse analysis (CDA)
an investigation of how discourses reflect, reproduce, and reinforce relationships of dominance.
Discourse analysis:
a qualitative approach to analyzing texts that focuses on the meanings reflected in and created by discourses. `
Discourse fragment:
the discourses or portions of discourses to be analyzed with discourse analysis
Discourse plane
the societal places from which discourses emerge, such as politics, media, science, business, or everyday life.
Discourses:
sets of ideas, images, symbols, and messages that, taken together, articulate a particular version of events
Discourse strand
the coalescing of various discourse fragments into a uniform theme, such as racism, sexism, and neo-liberalism.
Frames
patterns of selection, emphasis, and presentation that draw on familiar myths, themes, or cultural values to organize discourses.
Intercoder reliability
: the extent to which different coders reach the same conclusions (i.e. assign the same values when coding); a high level of agreement indicates that the coding instrument is reliable.
Latent content
the underlying or implied meaning of a message.
Manifest content
the literal, or surface, meaning of the message.
Narrative structures:
standard storylines or narrative devices used to create tension and keep an audience’s attention.
Open coding
the first stage of qualitative data analysis, during which general patterns or themes are identified.
Rhetorical devices
semantic techniques of persuasion, including irony, hyperbole, and metaphor
Surface structures
elements such as the form, format, structure, and layout of the text
Syntactical structures
the arrangements of words, symbols, or images in the text.
Text
any form of communication (written, visual, spoken, etc.).
Textual analysis:
the systematic examination of the messages and meanings conveyed by texts
