Chapter 11 Flashcards
What is a cohort study?
a group of similar people followed through time together - rate of new cases of a disease can be measured
what are the 2 measurement types?
survey and follow up
what is a prospective study?
follows participants forward in time - collect baseline data - in present - follow in future
what is a retrospective study?
based on data about exposure status at some point in the past - data from past - follow to another point in past - or present
What is a longitudinal study
not recruited based on exposure status
what is a fixed vs dynamic population?
start at same time and no participants are added vs new participants can be recruited
what is a reference population ?
a group that is used as a comparison for another population
what is a risk?
the probability of an individual in a population becoming a case during a defined period of time
what is an incidence rate?
incidence/ total of people in population at risk
what is cumulative incidence?
percentage at risk in a population who develop new disease during a time period
what is the attack rate?
cumulative incidence of infection during course of epidemic
what is the incidence rate ratio?
incidence rate among exposed and unexposed
what is the excess risk?
absolute difference in the incidence rate between exposed/unexposed
what is attributable risk percentage?
the portion of incidence cases among the exposed population that is due to exposure
What is population attributable risk?
the rate of new disease in a population that can be attributed to some people in the population having an exposure
