Chapter 11 Flashcards
Dispersion Forces (London Forces):
Result of fluctuations in Electron distribution within atoms/molecules. Weakest IMF!
What does IMF stand for? Mhmm
Intermolecular Forces.
Dipole-Dipole Force:
Exists between Polar molecules; with one Electron rich region, 1 region e- poor. Boiling points increase with increasing dipole-dipole moments.
Hydrogen Bonding:
“Super dipole-dipole,” one of strongest IMF. H must be bonded to N, O, F. We also have London and dipole-dipole IMF with H-bonding.
Ion-Dipole Force:
When ionic compound is mixed with Polar compound. Positive end of polar molecule attracted to negative ion, vice versa.
Surface Tension (of a liquid):
Not sure important??? Energy required to increase surface area by 1 unit amount. Stronger IMF= stronger surface tension.
Viscosity:
The resistance of a liquid to flow. Stronger IMF= stronger viscosity. Also Molecular structure; more branching/length of structure=more viscous.
Capillary Action:
a liquids’ ability to resist flow of gravity into a tube.
Cohesive VS Adhesive Forces;
Cohesive: attraction between molecules in liquids.
Adhesive: attraction between surface of a tube and liquid molecules.
What is vaporization?
a state change from liquid to gas. The higher the temp, the greater the thermal energy.
Vapor Pressure: look at book too!
Is a measure of the tendency of a material to change into the gaseous or vapor State
What is Dynamic Equilibrium?
When the rate of evaporation = the rate of condensation.
Heat of Vaporization:
Energy required to vaporize one mole from liquid to gaseous state. TEMP dependent!!!
What is a boiling point?
The temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the environmental pressure surrounding the liquid.
How to use the Clausius-Clapeyron Equation?
Look at the equation as y=mx+b! look into the equation in book. Two-point system is more straight forward.
