Chapter 10: Weight and Balance Flashcards
Why is compliance with weight and balance limits critical?
To ensure structural integrity, flight safety, and optimal performance.
What are the effects of an overloaded aircraft?
- Higher takeoff speed
- Longer takeoff run
- Reduced climb rate
- Lower maximum altitude
- Reduced maneuverability
- Higher stalling speed
- Longer landing roll
What is center of gravity (CG)?
The point at which an aircraft would balance if suspended, representing the aircraft’s mass center.
What are CG limits?
The forward and aft points within which the CG must remain during flight.
What is the primary concern in balancing an aircraft?
The fore and aft location of the CG along the longitudinal axis.
What is the effect of a forward CG location?
- Increased stability
- Higher stalling speed
- Reduced elevator control authority
What is the effect of an aft CG location?
- Decreased stability
- Lower stalling speed
- Increased risk of overstressing the aircraft
What is moment in weight and balance calculations?
The product of weight multiplied by its arm, expressed in inch-pounds (in-lb).
What is the arm in weight and balance calculations?
The horizontal distance from the reference datum to the CG of an item.
What is the formula for determining CG?
CG = Total Moment / Total Weight
What are standard weights used in calculations?
- Gasoline: 6 lb/gal
- Jet A: 6.8 lb/gal
- Oil: 7.5 lb/gal
- Water: 8.35 lb/gal
What are the three methods for determining loaded weight and CG?
- Computational method
- Graph method
- Table method
What is the importance of zero fuel weight?
The maximum weight of the aircraft excluding usable fuel, preventing overstressing of the wings.
How is CG shift calculated when weight is shifted?
CG shift = (Weight Shifted × Distance Moved) / Total Aircraft Weight
What is the purpose of a weight and balance envelope?
Defines the acceptable CG range and weight limits for safe operation.
