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PIPE > CHAPTER 10 Variable Load And Environmental Engineering > Flashcards

CHAPTER 10 Variable Load And Environmental Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

The maximum continuous power available from a hydro electric plant under the most adverse hydraulic conditions is called

A

B. Firm power

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2
Q

The area under load curve divided by maximum demand represents

A

D. Diversity factor

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3
Q

What is the adverse capacity of a plant

A

B. Plant capacity - maximum demand

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4
Q

Load curve refers to the plot of

A

C. Load versus time

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5
Q

The ratio of maximum load to the rated plant capacity is called

A

B. Utilization factor

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6
Q

Peak load for a period of time divided by the installed capacity is

A

C. Utilization factor

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7
Q

The ratio of the sum of individual maximum demands of the ratio of the system to the maximum demand of the whole system is

A

A. Diversity factor

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8
Q

The ratio between the actual power and the apparent power in any circuit is known as the —– of that circuit

A

C. Power factor

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9
Q

The ratio of maximum load to the rated plant capacity

A

B. Utilization factor

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10
Q

The ratio of the average load to the peak load over a designated period of time is called

A

A. Load factor

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11
Q

The ratio of the sum of individual maximum demands of the system to the overall maximum demand if the whole system

A

B. Diversity factor

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12
Q

Load curve refers to the plot of

A

C. Load versus time

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13
Q

The ratio of maximum load to the rated plant capacity

A

B. Utilization factor

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14
Q

The ratio of the average load to the peak load over a designated period of time is called

A

A. Load factor

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15
Q

The peak load for a period of time divided by installed capacity is

A

C. Utilization factor

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16
Q

The area under load curve divided by maximum demand represents

A

D. Diversity factor

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17
Q

The ratio of the sum of individual maximum demands of the system to the overall maximum demand of the whole system

A

B. Diversity factor

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18
Q

The ratio between the actual power and the apparent power in any circuit is known as the —– of the circuit

A

C. Power factor

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19
Q

Yeast as raw material for beer making is added to the equipment called

A

A. Fermenters

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20
Q

A major cause of air pollution resulting from the burning of fuel oil is

A

C. Sulfur dioxide

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21
Q

Heavy water is

A

D2O

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22
Q

Scintillation counter are used to detect

A. Beta rays
B. X-rays
C. Gamma rays
D. All of the above

A

D. All of the above

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23
Q

All of the following are common types of chemical reactions except

A. Direct combination
B. Fission
C. Decomposition
D. Double replacement

A

B. Fission

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24
Q

Redox reaction can often be type of

A

D. Double replacement

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25
Q

The fact that the amount of slightly soluble gas absorbed in a liquid is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas is known as

A

B. Henry’s law

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26
Q

All of the following pollutants are produced because of decaying organic matter except

A. Ammonia
B. Sulfur dioxide
C. Methane
D. Hydrogen sulfide

A

B. Sulfur dioxide

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27
Q

The velocity of radiations (v) and the frequency of radiations (f) are related to the wavelength of radiations by

A

A. v/f

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28
Q

Swimming pool water needs

A

D. De - chlorination

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29
Q

Aeration of water is done for all of the following purposes except for

A. Removal of CO2
B. Removal of bad taste
C. Increasing the amount of oxygen in water
D. Removal of temporary hardness

A

D. Removal of temporary hardness

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30
Q

Which of the following area of work requires lowest noise levels

A

B. Library

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31
Q

Mycotoxins are poisonous chemicals produced by

A

B. Molds

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32
Q

Turbidity in water is due to

A

D. Finally divided particles of clay, silt and organic matter

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33
Q

Per capita consumption of water is generally taken as

A

B. 150-300 liters

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34
Q

Which of the following industries have the highest consumption of water for processing

A. Foundry
B. Automobile industry
C. Paper mill
D. Aluminum industry

A

C. Paper mill

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35
Q

The ratio activity of water because of strontium can be removed by

A

C. Phosphate coagulation

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36
Q

Chemical used for checking the growth of algae in reservoirs is

A

C. Bleaching powder

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37
Q

Which of the following is not the pollutant from a sulfuric acid plants

A

D. Hydrogen sulfide

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38
Q

Which of the following is a cold cathode lamp

A

D. Neon Lamp

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39
Q

Which has an octane rating of more than 100

A

C. Benzol

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40
Q

The part per million is identical to

A

C. Milligrams per kg

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41
Q

In power plant an electrostatic precipitators is installed between

A

B. Furnace and chimney

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42
Q

At present, the number of true elementary particles, which include leptons and quarks, is thought to be:

A

D. 12

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43
Q

The effective size of a target atom that interacts with a moving particle is called its

A

C. Cross section

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44
Q

Most nuclear particles can react with atoms in several different ways including

A

C. Absorption and scattering

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45
Q

The operation that produces highest noise levels is

A

B. Riveting

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46
Q

The ratio absorbed by the transfer fluid to the original incident energy striking the collector

A

B. Collector efficiency

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47
Q

A swinging support constructed as part of the vessel and that supports the manway cover when it is unbolted and moved aside

A

A. Davit

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48
Q

Is the subjective method in which the smoke density is visually compared to five standardized white-black grids

A

A. Ringelman scale

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49
Q

The ratio of fugacity at actual conditions to the fugacity at some reference state is known as

A

B. Activity

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50
Q

A type of polymer used for detergents, milk bottles, oil containers and toys

A

C. High density polyethelene

51
Q

A type of polymer used for grocery bags and food wraps

A

C. Low density polyethelene

52
Q

A radioactive gas produced from the decay of radium within the rocks beneath a building

A

B. Radon

53
Q

Consists of ground - level ozone and peroxyacyl nitrates (PAN)

A

A. Smog

54
Q

A term used to mean the corrective steps taken to return the environment to its original condition

A

B. Remediation

55
Q

The burning of low sulfur fuel is known as

A

A. Fuel switching

56
Q

The removal of particulate matter from a gas flow by exposing the flow to a liquid or slurry is known as

A

C. Scrubbing

57
Q

The drop in a solvent’s vapor pressure and the increase in mole fraction as solute is added is described by

A

C. Raoult’s law

58
Q

All of the following statements are characteristics of bases except

A. They conduct electricity in aqueous solutions
B. They turn red litmus paper blue
C. They have a pH between 0 and 7
D. They neutralize acids forming salts and water

A

C. They have pH between 0 and 7

59
Q

All of the following statements about conjugate acids and bases are true except

A

B. A conjugate BASE results when a base accepts a proton

60
Q

Are any solid particulate matter that becomes airborne, with the exception of particulate matter emitted from the exhaust stack of a combustion process

A

A. Dusts of fugitive dusts

61
Q

Equipment leaks from plant equipments are known as

A

D. Fugitive emissions

62
Q

What is the substance that absorbs or retains moisture

A

D. Humectant

63
Q

Is a soluble compound that reduces a liquid’s surface tension or reduces the interfacial tension between a liquid and a solid

A

A. Surface - acting agent of surfactant

64
Q

A material or substance that is accidentally or intentionally introduced to the environment in a quantity that exceeds what occurs naturally

A

C. Pollutant

65
Q

Refers to organic waste produced from biological waterwaste treatment processes

A

B. Biosolids

66
Q

A rule which states that any solid waste mixed with hazardous waste becomes hazardous

A

A. The mixture rule

67
Q

A rule which states that any waste derived from the treatment of a hazardous waste remains a hazardous waste

A

C. The derived from rule

68
Q

Generally refers to sulfur trioxide SO3 in the flue gas

A

B. Acid gas

69
Q

What consists of weak solutions of sulfuric, hydrochloric, and to a lesser extent, nitric acids

A

B. Acid rain

70
Q

A fibrous silicate mineral material that is inert, strong and incombustible

A

D. Asbestos

71
Q

An insulator with superior tensile strength but low heat resistance

A

C. Fiberglass

72
Q

Are highly concentrated liquid wastes produced in landfills

A

B. Leachates

73
Q

What is the primary cause of smog formation

A

D. Nitrogen oxides

74
Q

Is a water soluble organic compound prepared from ammonia. It has significant biological and industrial usefulness

A

A. Urea or carbamide urea

75
Q

Are byproducts of reaction between combustion products

A

B. Oxidants

76
Q

“Particulate matter” is defined as all particles that are emitted by a combustion source. What is another term. For particulate matter

A

B. Aerosol

77
Q

Are organic compounds manufactured in oily liquid and solid forms through the late 1970s and subsequently prohibited

A

A. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)

78
Q

A type of polymer used for Styrofoam cups and “clam shell” food containers

A

B. Polystyrene

79
Q

A type of polymer used for labels, bottled and housewares

A

D. Polypropylene (PP)

80
Q

A type of polymer used for clear bottles

A

A. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)

81
Q

Refers to the high - temperature removal of tarry substance from the interior of the carbon granule, leaving a highly porous structure

A

B. Activated

82
Q

A substance with high surface area per unit weight, intricate pore structure, and a hydrophobic surface

A

A. Adsorbent substance

83
Q

Is a high temperature process that turns incenerator ash into a safe, glass like material

A

C. Vitrification

84
Q

Refers to the use of composting and soil beds

A

A. Biofiltration

85
Q

Are open or closed tanks containing dozens or hundreds of slowly rotating disks covered with a biological film of microorganisms

A

B. Bioreactor

86
Q

Refers to the treatment of contaminated soil in a large plastic covered tank

A

A. Bioventing

87
Q

All of the following occur during oxidation of a substance except

A. Oxidation state increases
B. Loss of electrons
C. The substance becomes less negative
D. Oxidation of the oxidizing agent

A

D. Oxidation of the oxidizing agent

88
Q

All of the following occur during reduction of a substance except

A. An increase in negative charge
B. Loss of electrons
C. An oxidation state decrease
D. Reduction of the oxidizing agent

A

B. Loss of electrons

89
Q

All of the following are units of energy except

A. Calories
B. Joules
C. Pascals
D. MeV

A

C. Pascals

90
Q

What do you call the mixture is the solute particles of a solid suspended in a liquid are larger than molecules

A

B. Suspension

91
Q

What do you call the mixture when a solvent has dissolved as much solute as it can

A

D. Saturated solution

92
Q

The equilibrium constant for weak solution is known as

A

A. Ionization constant

93
Q

What do you call the mixture if the solute particles of solid suspended in a liquid are larger than the molecules

A

B. Suspension

94
Q

What do you call the mixture when a solvent has dissolved as much solute as it can

A

D. Saturated solution

95
Q

The equilibrium constant for weak solution is known as

A

A. Ionization constant

96
Q

If the solute particles of a solid suspended in a liquid are larger then molecules, the mixture is known as

A

B. Suspension

97
Q

When a solvent has dissolved as much solute as it can, the mixture is called

A

D. Saturated solution

98
Q

When excess solute in a solution settles to the bottom of the container, the process is called

A

C. Precipitation

99
Q

All of the following express units of concentration except

A. Normality
B. Molarity
C. Formality
D. Isotropy

A

D. Isotropy

100
Q

The desirable temperature inside an air conditioned auditorium is

A

D. 20 degree Celsius

101
Q

Which of the following acts as ignition accelerator for internal combustion engine fuels

A

A. Acetone peroxide

102
Q

Which of the following does not use ambient air for propulsion

A

B. Turbo prop

103
Q

Most observed properties of light and other radiant energy are consistent with waves in nature, but in interactions with matter, electromagnetic energy behaves as though it consists of discrete pieces or

A

C. Quanta

104
Q

The amount of energy absorbed when a substance enters a solution is called the

A

C. Endothermic heat of solution

105
Q

The absorptions of water by a dessicant often demonstrates

A

D. Exothermic heat if solution

106
Q

A substance that absorbs moisture from the air is

A

A. Deliquescent

107
Q

The removal of a dissolved gas or the other volatile component from liquid by exposing the liquid to air or steam is known as

A

A. Stripping

108
Q

Which of the following contribute to the deterioration of the Earth’s ozone layer

A. Carbon monoxide
B. Chloroflourocarbons
C. Carbon dioxide
D. Refrigerants

A

B. Chlorofluorocarbons

109
Q

Ozone filters out what type of radiation that damages crops and causes skin cancer

A

D. Ultraviolet radiation

110
Q

All of the following factors affect rates of reaction except

A. Exposed surface area
B. Concentrations
C. Temperature
D. Pressure

A

D. Pressure

111
Q

Le Chatelier’s principle predicts the direction of a state of chemical equilibrium based on all of the following factors except

A

B. Specific Volume

112
Q

The amount of energy necessary to cause a reaction to occur is called the

A

C. Activation of energy

113
Q

The equilibrium constant for weak solutions is known as

A

A. The ionization constant

114
Q

The speed at which a reaction proceeds to equilibrium is the purview of

A

A. Reaction kinetics

115
Q

The color of water is measured

A

C. In terms of platinum cobalt scale

116
Q

What turbidimeter that gives direct readings in ppm

A

A. Jackson turbidimeter

117
Q

Which of the following is not a sound absorptive material

A. Rugs
B. Mirrors
C. Carpets
D. Heavy drapes

A

B. Mirrors

118
Q

The total cross section of a target atom is made up of

A

C. The absorption and scattering cross sections

119
Q

Which of the following cannot be a phenomenon of neutron interactions

A

D. Fusion

120
Q

Which of the following cannot be used to describe neutron kinetic energy levels

A

D. Freezing

121
Q

All of the following are words used to describe neutron kinetic energy levels except

A. Slow (resonant)
B. Fast
C. Supersonic
D. Relativistic

A

C. Supersonic

122
Q

The reduction of nuclear radiation intensity (called attenuation) is accomplished by

A

C. Shielding

123
Q

The ability of substance to absorb neurons depends upon its

A

A. Absorption cross section

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