Chapter 10 - The Respiratory System Flashcards
Phosphorylation
The addition of a phosphate group to a molecule (ADP to ATP)
How is the majority of energy released in aerobic cellular respiration used?
64% released as thermal energy, 36% stored in molecules called ATP
Difference between what happens to the diaphragm during inspiration and expiration
Inspiration: diaphragm contracts & moves down, chest cavity expands
Expiration: diaphragm relaxes & moves up
What does COPD stand for and what is it?
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; chronic progressive disease that involves bronchitis and emphysema
Tidal volume
The amount of inhaled or exhaled air in a normal breath
Expiratory reserve volume
The air that remains in lung after normal exhalation
Inspiratory reserve volume
Room left in the lungs after normal inhalation
Vital capacity
Maximum amount of air that can be inhaled or exhaled
4 important structural features of the mammalian respiratory system
- thin permeable membrane (diffusion)
- large surface area for gas exchange
- good supply of blood
- breathing system for bringing oxygen rich air in
What is the purpose of cellular respiration?
Use oxygen to obtain energy from food
For each glucose molecule that undergoes cellular respiration, how many molecules of ATP are formed?
36
complete formula for aerobic cellular respiration
glucose + oxygen + adenosine diphosphate + phosphate = carbon dioxide + water + adenosine triphosphate + thermal energy
Define ventilation
The process of moving oxygen rich air into from the lungs, and carbon dioxide rich air away from the lungs, AKA breathing
Another word for thoracic cavity
chest cavity
What are the nasal passages lined with and what do they do?
The nasal passages are lined with tiny hairs and mucus to filter dust and other particles.
