Chapter 10 Test Worksheet Flashcards
What was the most dynamic force in the expansion of Hawai’i’s economy 1870s to 1900s?
Sugar production
Describe the difficulties faced by sugar planters and plantations in Hawai’i.
Pests and disease, rain didn’t always fall when and where it was needed, limited land, growing and harvesting sugar cane required roads, harbors, and machinery, and government and labor tended to create problems rather than solve them.
What organization did the sugar planters form to help each other in the sugar industry? Why was this organization needed?
Planters Labor and Supply Co. In 1895, the name was changed to Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association. It was needed to help deal with sugar production problems.
What solutions did sugar planter come up with to address the most pressing problem of producing more sugar with a limited supply of land?
a. Built ditches and flumes for transporting water
b. Designed new machinery
c. Started a laboratory
d. Developed varieties of sugar cane that were higher in sugar content and more resistant to disease
e. Studied the soil sugarcane was grown in
What was one of Hawai’i’s greatest assets for growing sugar?
Water
From 1867-1880, how much land in Hawai’i was used by sugar plantations? How can we explain this change in the amount of land used for sugar growing?
10,000 acres then but by 1880, it was 22,000 and with the growing sugar industry sugar production/growth required a lot more land.
Describe the work on the plantations.
The work on the plantations are laborious. Technology was brought into use. Flumes were built to bring water from lush area to barren areas.
What event ended the high demand for Hawai’i sugar?
the end of the Civil War
What factors led to the economic depression in Hawai’i in 1866-1867?
the End of the Civil war (high demand for Hawai’i’s sugar had ended and prices dropped) and a high tariff on sugar entering the U.S. made it difficult for Hawai’i’s sugar barons to sell their product.
How did Sugar Plantation growers plan to end the economic depression?
the Reciprocity Treaty
What were 2 ways to end the high tariff on sugar? Which of these 2 ways was more acceptable to Hawaiians?
a. Annexation
b. Reciprocity Treaty
Native Hawaiians preferred the treaty
The idea of annexation was first favored by businessmen during the reign of which monarch. Why?
Kamehameha V’s reign. It was because annexation was a permanent solution.
Did Kalākaua support the Reciprocity Treaty? How do we know? Provide evidence.
He did support it. He met with the U.S. to convince them to adopt the treaty.
What arguments were made against ratifying the treaty?
Removing the tariff would result in less income for the government and Southern senators said that the treaty would hurt Southern Sugar and Rice producers.
What was the most convincing argument made to the U.S. Senate to ratify the Reciprocity Treaty?
the Location of the islands would help protect the West Coast of the U.S.
