Chapter 10 (Skin) part 1 Flashcards
0
Q
Cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o
A
Skin
1
Q
What is the skin composed of?
A
Epithelial tissue
2
Q
Dermatology
A
Study of the skin
3
Q
Epidermis
A
Outermost layer of the skin
4
Q
Epi-
A
Above
5
Q
Dermis
A
Skin
6
Q
Squamous epithelium
A
Composed of flat, plate like cells
7
Q
Keratin
A
Protein that provides skin with its waterproofing properties
8
Q
Melanocytes
A
Produce and contain a black pigment
Found in the basal layer
9
Q
Melanin
A
Black pigment
10
Q
Melan/o
A
Black or dark
11
Q
Albinism
A
Absence of normal pigmentation
12
Q
Dermis
A
Layer directly deep to the epidermis
Also called the corium
13
Q
Stratum basale or stratum germinativum
A
Deepest or basal layer that continually multiplies to replenish cells lost from the epidermal surface
14
Q
Cuboidal
A
Cube like cells arranged in rows
15
Q
Stratum spinosum
A
Layer immediately superficial to the stratum basale
16
Q
Keratinization
A
Development if the hard, protein constituent of hair, nails, epidermis, horny structures, and tooth enamel.
17
Q
Desquamation
A
The process in which cell organelles gradually dissolve
18
Q
What is the stratum granulosum?
A
Layer immediately superficial to the stratum spinosum
19
Q
What is the stratum lucidum?
A
Layer immediately superficial to the stratum granulosum
20
Q
What is stratum corneum?
A
Most superficial layer of the epidermis
Aka horny layer
21
Q
Fibroblasts
A
Fiber producing cells
22
Q
Collagen
A
Tough, flexible, fibrous protein found in skin,bone, cartilage, tendons, and ligaments
23
Q
-gen
A
Produce
24
Histiocytes
Phagocytic cells that engulf foreign substances
25
Macrophages
Foreign substances
26
Mast cells
Cells that respond to insult by producing and releasing histamine and heparin
27
Histamine
Chemical released in response to allergens that causes itching
28
Heparin
Anticoagulant chemical released in response to injury
29
Perception
Ability to recognize sensory stimuli
30
How is perception received?
Nerve impulses that recognize temperature, touch, pain, and pressure
31
Tactile perception
Ability to recognize tough sensation
32
Subcutaneous layer or hypodermis
Under the dermis, composed of connective tissue
| Contains a large amount of fat
33
Sebaceous glands or oil glands
Secrete sebum
34
Sebum
Oily substance
35
Seb/o
Sebum or oily substance
36
Ducts
Glands that release debum
37
Ductules
Tiny ducts
38
Sudoriferous or sweat glands
Located on dermis
39
Eccrine glands
Produce water, salt, and waste (sweat)
40
Apocrine glands
Produce and secrete a strong smelling substance into the hair follicles
41
Hyperthermia
High body temperature
42
Hypothermia
Low body temperature
43
Hidrosis
Production and excretion of swear
44
Hidr/o
Sweat
45
Anhidrosis
Abnormal reduction of sweating
46
Hyperhidrosis
Excessive sweating
47
Ceruminius
Glands are modified swear glands that are located near ear canal
48
Cerumen
Waxy substance of varying colors depending on species
| Earwax
49
Pil/i, pil/o, trich/o
Hair
50
Cuticle
One cell layer thick and appears scaly
51
Cortex
Main component if hair shaft, responsible for coat color
52
Medulla
Innermost component of hair shaft
53
Follicles
Sacs that hold hair fibers
54
Arrector pili
Tiny muscle attached to the hair follicle that causes hair to stand erect to cold or stress
55
Piloerection
Condition if hair standing straight up
56
Walls
Located dorsal and lateral to distal phalanx
57
Sole
Located central to distal phalanx and usually flaky
58
Foot pads or tori
Provide cushioning and protection do bones of the foot
59
Metacarpal and metatarsal pads
Singular pads located on the palmar and plantar surfaces of metacarpal and metatarsal areas
60
Difitigrade
Animals that walk on their toes
61
Plantigrade
Well developed foot pads (ex. Primates)
62
Nails and claws
Keratin plates covering the dorsal surface of the distal phalanx
63
Fur
Short, fine, soft hair
64
Pelt
Skin in addition to due or hair
65
Guard hairs
Long, straight, stuff hairs that form the outer coat
Aka primary hairs or topcoats
Found on tail, mane hair
66
Secondary hair
Finer, softer and wavy hair
| Aka undercoat
67
Tactile hair
Long, brittle, extremely sensitive hairs usually located on the face
Aka vibrissae
Ex. Cat whiskers
68
Cilia
Thin, short hairs
| Ex. Eyelashes
69
Simple pattern hair growth
Guard hairs that grow from separate follicular openings
| As in cattle
70
Compound pattern hair growth
Multiple guard hairs that grow from single follicles
| As in dogs
71
Shedding
Normal hair loss caused by temperature, hormones, photoperiod, nutrition, and other no disease causes
72
Fungi
Vegetative organisms (plants) that grow as branched, hairlike filaments
73
Phyt/o
Plant
74
Quick
Beneath wall and sole of claws is connective tissue dermis that contains numerous blood vessels and nerve endings
75
Quicking
Describes trimming the nail or claw to the level of the dermis
Results in bleeding and pain
76
Onych/o
Claw
77
Hooves
Horny covering of the distal phalanx in ungulates
78
Ungulates
Hooves animals
79
Ungul/o
Hoof
80
Corium
Dermis of the hoof and is located under the epidermal surface of the hoof wall, sole, and frog
81
Dewclaws
Rudimentary bones
82
Chestnuts
Located on the medial surface of the leg
83
Coronary band
Region where hoof meets the skin
84
Coronet
Site of hoof wall growth
85
Periople
Flaky tissue band located at the junction of the coronary band and the hoof wall extends distally
86
Wall
Epidermal tissue that includes the toe (front), quarters (sides), and heels (back)
87
Bars
Raised V shaped structure on ventral surface of hoof
88
Sole
Softer hoof tissue located on the ventral surface of the hoof (bottom of the hoof)
89
Frog
V shaped pad of soft horn located in the central region of the ventral hoof surface of equine
90
Bulbs of heel
Upward thickening of the frog above heels of the wall
91
Horns
Permanent structures that grow continuously after birth
92
Cornifucation
Conversion of epithelium into keratin or horn
93
Polled
Breeds that are naturally hornless
94
Antlers
Not permanent structure and are shed and regrown annually
95
Biopsy
Removal of living tissue for examination of life
96
Bi/o
Life
97
-opsy
View of
98
Incisional biopsy
Removal of a piece of a tumor or lesion for examination
99
Incision
A cut into tissue
100
Excisional biopsy
Removal of an entire tumor or lesion in addition to a margin of surrounding tissue for examination
101
Excision
A cut out of tissue
102
Culture
Diagnostic or research procedure used to allow microbes to reproduce in predetermined media
103
Tissue culture
Takes epithelial cells and grows them in a medium so that intracellular microbes such as viruses can replicate
104
Exfoliative cytology
Scraping of cells from tissue and examination under a microscope
105
Exfoliative
Falling off
106
Intradermal skin testing
Injection of test substances into the skin layer to observe a reaction
107
Skin scrape
Microscopic examination of skin for the presence of mites
108
Abrasion
Injury in which superficial layers of skin are scraped
109
Abscess
Localized collection of pus
110
Acne
Skin inflammation caused by plugged sebaceous glands and comedone development from papules and pustules
111
Acute moist dermatitis
Bacterial skin disease that is worsened by licking and scratching
Also called hot spot
112
Alopecia
Hair loss resulting in hairless patches or complete lack of hair
113
Atopy
Hypersensitivity reaction in animals involving pruritis with secondary dermatitis
Aka allergies or allergic dermatitis
114
Hypersensitization
Increased response to an allergen
115
Hyposensitization
Decreased response to an allergen
116
Bullae
Multiple contained skin elevations filled with fluid that are greater than 0.5 cm in diameter
Singular form is bulla
117
Burn
Tissue injury causes by heat, flame, electricity, chemicals, or radiation
118
Carbuncle
Cluster of furnucles
119
Carcinoma
Malignant neoplasm of epithelial tissue
120
Cellulitis
Inflammation of connective tissue
121
Diffuse
Widespread
122
Localized
Within a well defined area
123
Comedo
Blackhead or buildup of sebum and keratin in a pore
Plural is comedones
124
Contusion
Injury that does not break the skin
| Characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration
125
Crust
Collection of dried sebum and cell debris
126
Dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin
127
Contact dermatitis
Inflammation of the skin caused by touching an irritant
128
Dermatocellulitis
Inflammation of the skin and connective tissue
