Chapter 10: Shock Flashcards
Medical shocked can be defined as ___
A state of collapses and failure of the cardiovascular system
The underlying cause of shock:
Hypoperfusion
___ is the presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling
Edema
___ occurs when there is widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules, or both
Distributive shock
___ occurs as a result of severe infections of the body in which toxins are produced
Septic shock
The ability of the heart to contract:
Myocardial contractility
___ is usually the result of damage of the spinal cord that causes injury to the part of the nervous system that controls blood vessel tone
Neurogenic shock
___ occurs when a person reacts violently to a substance to which they have been sensitized
Anaphylactic shock
___ is the medical term for fainiting
Syncope
___ is when a patient has a sudden reaction of the nervous system that produces a temporary vascular dilation
Psychogenic shock
___ is the result of an inadequate amount of fluid or volume in the system
Hypovolemic shock
The early stage of shock when the body is still able to accommodate for blood loss:
Compensated shock
The late stage of shock when the BP is falling is know as ___
Decompensated shock
A transfusion during ___ will not save the persons life
Irreversible shock
___ may be the last measurable factor to change in patients with shock
BP
A ___ pulse in a trauma patient suggests compensated shock
Rapid
The only really effective treatment for anaphylactic shock due to a severe secure allergic reaction is:
Epinephrine
The emergency treatment of hypovolemic shock, or ___, is ___
Hemorrhagic shock; control of all obvious external bleeding
Effective perfusion requires:
Intact cardiovascular system and functioning respiratory system
Most types of shock are caused by dysfunction in ____
One or more parts of the perfusion triangle
Ingredients of blood:
Red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma, platelets
___ pressure is the peak arterial pressure
Systolic
The various types of shock include:
Cardiogenic, obstructive, hypovolemic, anaphylactic, neurogenic, septic, and psychogenic
By the time ___ is detected, shock is usually in an advanced stage
Low blood pressure
Signs of decompensated shock include:
Labored/irregular respiration, cyanosis, weak/absent distal pulses, dilated pupils, profound hypotension
First step in treating shock:
Open and maintain the airway
Second step in treating shock:
Provide high-flow oxygen and assist with ventilations if necessary using BMV
Step 3 in treating for shock:
Control all obvious external bleeding
Step 4 in treating shock:
Place patient in shock position or Trendelenburg’s position if the on backboard
Step 5 in treating shock:
Maintain normal body temp
Step 6 in treating shock:
Provide prompt transport
During your primary assessment, the patients presents with a poor LOC. You should:
Request ALS support
2 aspects of scene size-up:
Ensure scene safety (standard precautions, number of patients, additional resources) and MOI/NOI
Goal of the primary assessment:
Identify and initiate treatment for any immediate or potential life threats
A life threat is any situation or condition that negatively impacts:
Airway, breathing, or circulation
To maintain a patent airway for a patient who is semi-conscious, or unconscious with an intact gag reflex, use ___
A nasopharyngeal airway adjunct
DCAP-BTLS stands for:
Deformities Contusions Abnormalities Penetration/punctures Bleeding Tenderness Lacerations Swelling
To assess circulation, evaluate:
Distal pulse rate and quality; skin color, temperature, and condition; look for life threatening bleeding.
If a distal pulse is not palpable, assess for
Central pulse
Consider rapid transport for a patient exhibiting any of these signs:
Airway or respiratory problem, significant external bleeding, signs or symptoms of internal bleeding.
History taking should take place during the ____
primary assessment
The 6 pain questions:
Onset Palliation/provocation Quality Region/radiation Severity Timing
___ should take place prior to placing a patient on a backboard
Physical examination assessing for DCAPBTLS
