Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Module 3 Flash Cards > Chapter 10: Respiration and Artificial Ventilation > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Respiration and Artificial Ventilation Flashcards

1
Q

What is ventilation?

A

Breathing in and out/artificial provision of breaths.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is alveolar ventilation?

A

The amount of air that reaches the alveoli.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Normal Tidal Volume…

A

500mL x BPM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Normal alveolar ventilation…

A

350 mL x BPM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Asthma attack tidal volume…

A

300 mL x BPM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Asthma attack alveolar ventilation…

A

150 mL x BPM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define diffusion.

A

Molecules moving from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define pulmonary respiration.

A

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and circulating blood in the pulmonary capillaries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define cellular respiration.

A

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between cells and circulating blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Define respiratory distress.

A

Increased work of breathing; a sensation of shortness of breath.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define respiratory failure.

A

The inadequacy of breathing to the point where oxygen intake or the ventilation removal of carbon dioxide is not sufficient to support life.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define respiratory arrest.

A

When breathing stops completely.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

name two specific disorders that can affect ventilation.

A

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ways to detect failure of alveolar ventilation…

A

Look for patients who are using a lot of energy to breath.
They may have a severely narrowed or obstructed air way.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define Hypoxia.

A

An insufficiency of oxygen in the body’s tissues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define respiration.

A

The diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood, and between the blood and the cells. Also used to mean breathing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Explain adequate breathing…

A

Oxygenation and ventilation are sufficient to meet metabolic demands.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

5 signs of adequate breathing…

A
  1. Normal mental status.
  2. Rate and depth of breathing are adequate.
  3. Air moving in and out of the chest.
  4. Skin color is normal.
  5. Oxygen saturation is normal.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

List the 2 EMT Interventions for adequate breathing…

A
  1. Identify and treat respiratory challenge.
  2. Consider supplemental oxygen (nonrebreather mask or nasal cannula).
20
Q

Explain inadequate breathing (respiratory failure)…

A

Patient is breathing, but oxygenation and ventilation are insufficient to support life.

21
Q

List the 9 main signs of detecting inadequate breathing…

A
  1. Altered mental status.
  2. Patient has some breathing but not enough to live.
  3. Rat and /or depth outside of normal limits.
  4. Shallow ventilation.
  5. Cyanotic skin color.
  6. Diminished or absent breath sounds.
  7. Noises such as crowing, stridor, snoring, gurgling, or gasping.
  8. Decreased minute volume.
  9. Oxygen saturation low (Less than 95%).
22
Q

EMT interventions for inadequate breathing…

A

Assist in ventilations.
NOTE: A nonrebreather mask requires adequate breathing to pull oxygen into the lungs. It doesn’t work for inadequately breathing patients.

23
Q

Explain Respiratory arrest…

A

Patient isn’t breathing at all.

24
Q

List the 3 main signs of respiratory arrest…

A
  1. No chest or abdominal rise and fall.
  2. No evidence of air being moved from the mouth or nose.
  3. No breath sounds.
25
Q

EMT Intervention for respiratory arrest…

A

Artificial ventilations with a pocket face mask or bag-valve mask.
10-12/minute for adults. 12-20/minute for infants and children.
NOTE: Do not use oxygen-powered ventilation devices on infants or children.

26
Q

11 steps to preparing the oxygen-delivering system.

A
  1. Select the proper cylinder by checking the label Oxygen U.S.P.
  2. Place the cylinder in an upright position and stand to one side.
  3. Remove the plastic wrapper or cap protecting the cylinder outlet.
  4. Keep the plastic washer.
  5. “Crack” the main valve.
  6. Select the correct pressure regulator and flowmeter.
  7. Place the cylinder valve gasket on the regulator oxygen port.
  8. Make certain that the pressure regulator is closed.
  9. Align the pins.
  10. Tight T-screw for pin yoke.
  11. Attach tubing and delivery device.
27
Q

5 steps to administering oxygen.

A
  1. Explain to the patient the need for oxygen.
  2. Open the main valve and adjust the flowmeter.
  3. Place an oxygen-delivery device on the patient.
  4. Adjust the flowmeter.
  5. Secure the cylinder during transfer.
28
Q

4 steps to discontinuing oxygen.

A
  1. Remove the delivery device off of patient.
  2. Close the main valve.
  3. Remove the delivery device tubing.
  4. Bleed the flowmeter.
29
Q

Name the 5 oxygen-delivery devices.

A
  1. Nonrebreather mask.
  2. Nasal cannula.
  3. Partial rebreather mask.
  4. Venturi mask.
  5. Tracheostomy mask.
30
Q

What is the flow rate and oxygen concentration for Nonrebreather mask?

A

Flow rate: 12-15 liters per minute.
Oxygen concentration: 80-90%

31
Q

What is the flow rate and oxygen concentration for Nasal Cannula?

A

Flow rate: 1-6 liters per minute.
Oxygen concentration: 24-44%

32
Q

What is the flow rate and oxygen concentration for Partial rebreather mask?

A

Flow rate: 9-10 liters per minute.
Oxygen concentration: 40-60%

33
Q

What is the flow rate and oxygen concentration for Venturi mask?

A

Varied, depending on device;. up to 15 liters per minute.
Oxygen concentration: 24-60%

34
Q

What is the flow rate and oxygen concentration for Tracheostomy mask?

A

Flow rate: 8-10 liters per minute.
Oxygen concentration: Set up by the patient to how much they need, most of the time suggested by the home care agency.

35
Q

What is a Nonrebreather mask?

A

A face mask-and-reservoir bag device that allows patients exhaled air to escape through a valve and is not rebreathed.
Distributes high concentration of oxygen.

36
Q

Define automatic transport ventilator (ATV)

A

A device with a one way valve that aids in artificial ventilation.

37
Q

What is a partial rebreather mask?

A

A face mask and reservoir oxygen bag with no one-way valve to the reservoir bag, so some exhaled air mixes with the oxygen.

37
Q

When is a Nonrebreather mask most appropriate?

A

Delivery system of choice for patients with signs of severe hypoxia and those short of breath, suffering severe injuries, or displaying altered mental status.

38
Q

When is Nasal Cannula most appropriate?

A

Appropriate for patients with signs of hypoxia and those short of breath who need a small amount of supplemental oxygen or cannot tolerate a mask.

39
Q

When is Partial rebreather mask most appropriate?

A

Usually not used in EMS. Some patients may use at home to treat ongoing respiratory diseases such as COPD.

40
Q

When is Venturi mask most appropriate?

A

A device used to deliver a specific concentration of oxygen. Device delivers 24-60 percent oxygen, depending on adapter tip and oxygen flow rate.

41
Q

When is Tracheostomy mask most appropriate?

A

A device used to deliver ventilations/oxygen through a stoma or tracheostomy tube.

42
Q

Define a stoma.

A

A permanent surgical opening in the neck through which the patient breathes.

43
Q

Define pressure regulator.

A

A device connected to an oxygen cylinder to reduce cylinder pressure so it is safe for delivery of oxygen to the patient.

44
Q

Define pulmonary respiration.

A

The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and circulating blood in the pulmonary capillaries.

Module 3 Flash Cards (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions