Chapter 10 - PREMIDTERM

Question 1

Ductile behaviour of compression?

Answer 1

FOLDS

Question 2

Brittle behaviour of compression?

Answer 2

FAULTS

Question 3

Basic types of rock stress:

Answer 3

Compression
Tension
Shear

Question 4

Confining stress wrt brittle/ductile behaviour

Answer 4

P high: ductile

P low: Brittle

Question 5

ROCK COMPOSITION WRT brittle/ductile behaviour

Answer 5

Brittle: quartz, olivine, garnet
Ductile: mica, carbonates, wet rocks

Question 6

When is the brittle-ductile transition in earths crust

Answer 6

13-18km

Question 7

How deep is lithosphere-asthenosphere transition?

Answer 7

70 - 150km

Question 8

DESCRIBE FAULTS

Answer 8

BRITTLE DEFORMATION

Question 9

Normal faults:

Answer 9

Footwall, Hanging wall

Hanging wall goes down, footwall goes up

Question 10

Reverse fault

Answer 10

Hanging wall goes up, footwall goes down

Question 11

Thrust fault, how many degrees

Answer 11

less than 30 degrees

Question 12

Describe folds

Answer 12

DUCTILE DEFORMATION

• anticline
• syncline
• symmetrical plunging!!

Question 13

What is the dip

Answer 13

deviation from horizontal

Question 14

How to measure altitude of a rock?

Answer 14

strike and dip

Question 15

Principle of original horizontality

Answer 15

sediments accumulate horizontally

Question 16

What is a strike

Answer 16

direction of a line formed by intersection of horizontal plane and incline plane

Question 17

What is a monocline

Answer 17

random bend/dip in horizontal mountan rock

Question 18

What is correlation between folds and temperature and depth

Answer 18

When rocks are hot and they collide, its ductile failure, so the deeper you go, higher temperature, more ductile failure, more folds

Question 19

Earthquakes occur near what?

Answer 19

Faults

Question 20

WHAT IS OROGENESIS?

Answer 20

Mountain formation by deformation of earths crust

Question 21

Where does crust tend to be thickets?

Answer 21

under mountains