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History Final #2 > Chapter 10 Muslim World > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Muslim World Flashcards

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1
Q

Islam

A

“Submission to the will of Allah”, a religion based on Allah & the Qur’an-Jesus is a prophet

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2
Q

Muslim

A

” one who has submitted”, follower of Islam

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3
Q

Torah

A

First five books of the bible (Pentateuch) that is Jewish written law/bible

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4
Q

Koran (Qur’an) -

A

Book that is Center of Muslim religion, written by Muhammad through Gabriel, monotheistic

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5
Q

Muhammad -

A

Born In 570 AD as an Orphan raised by grandfather, trader on silk roads, marries trade owner named Khadijah, goes in cave, sees Gabriel, the angel, get divine testimony and preaches, his word eventually written down, last prophet (God reveals to him last). Dies 632

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6
Q

Bedouin

A

Most people in Saudi Arabian peninsula, Early Desert nomad that were Arabic, divided into tribes or clans(Nomadic herder)

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7
Q

Allah

A

Muslim word for God

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8
Q

Hijrah

A

Pilgrimage/ migration that is from Mecca to Medina because it’s the path Muhammad went when he fled because of persecution

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9
Q

Mecca -

A

Muhammad’s grows up here, sacred Islamic town containing Ka’aba, religiously mixed city in the beginning, it’s the middle of Silk Road trade routes

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10
Q

Medina

A

Town Muhammad fled to with followers, back then called Yithrab, becomes a military leader and takes over Mecca with the help of medina

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11
Q

5 pillars of Islam -

A

Faith(1 God Allah), Prayer(six times a day towards Mecca), alms giving(charity, give to prayer), pilgrimage(Hajj, journey to Mecca once in your lifetime), fasting(hold month Ramadan, oct/sept)

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12
Q

Caliph

A

“Successor”/ “deputy”, Spiritual leader of Islamic religion. Fi

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13
Q

Shi’ites (shi’a) -

A

Believe caliph needs to be a descendant of Muhammad “party of Ali”

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14
Q

Sunni -

A

Believes the caliph should be elected

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15
Q

Abu Bakr -

A

First caliph because was a friend of Muhammad, part of the caliphates (rightly guided caliphs- the very first 4 caliphs)

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16
Q

Ali

A

4th and last elected caliph, was assassinated, and a new ruling family, the Umayyads, took over

17
Q

Abbasids

A

Family that killed Umayyads, after Ali, and took over in 750-1250, moved capital to Baghdad, very smart

18
Q

Umayyads

A

Take over Ali, 661-750 Muaywia starts empire, focuses on wealth move capital from Mecca to Damascus

19
Q

Ka’aba -

A

Large hold square building in Mecca, with meteorite in it (used to have idols in it), supposed to reflect a house in heaven, made by Adam and Abraham. Housed 360 idols and had to pay money to get into this building.

20
Q

Jihad

A

“Striving” against evil, word Abu Bakr used to justify & encourage the expansion so Islam. “Striving” in the way of The Lord

21
Q

Mosque

A

Islamic place of worship (temple)

22
Q

House of Wisdom

A

A center of learning in Baghdad, when Baghdad was a tourist attraction to scholars (800s)

23
Q

Dome of the Rock -

A

Shrine where Muhammad went to heaven with Gabriel and received his messages which would in the future be the Qur’an, contains the foundation stone

24
Q

Damascus

A

Country taken over under Abu Bakr, become a site of cultural blending

25
Q

Baghdad

A

Place in Iraq where When Abbasids took power they moved the capital to, cultural diffusion happens here

26
Q

Who gives Muhammad God’s word comes from?

A

Gabriel the angel

27
Q

First four caliphs -

A

1: Abu Bakr 2: umar 3: uthman 4: Ali - is related to Muhammad - as called CALIPHATE (rightly guided because knew Muhammad)

28
Q

Difference between Muhammad and Jesus?

A

Muhammad is spiritual and military leaderJesus is spiritual leader

29
Q

How are women treated in Islam?

A

Treated inferior, not equal to men, very few civil rights, women can get rich though

30
Q

What is Ramadan?

A

Holy Week when Muslims fast

31
Q

What is Sargon of Akkad?

A

It’s the worlds first empire than unites Mesopotamia.

32
Q

What is the Epic of Gilgamesh?

A

The guy that searched for the fountain of youth but realized that humans are meant to die.

33
Q

Mesopotamia’s environment is like…

A

They build irrigation system, canals, and they are susceptible to invasion.

34
Q

Who destroyed the holy temple? This is where the 10 commandments we’re. -

A

The Romans.

35
Q

What is the most place for the Muslim religion?

A

The Ka’aba

36
Q

What does caliph mean?

A

“Successor to Muhammad”

History Final #2 (12 decks)

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