Chapter 10 Life Span Development: Vital Vocabulary Flashcards
People who are 13 to 18 years of age.
adolescents
A swelling or enlargement of part of a blood vessel, resulting from weakening of the vessel wall.
aneurysm
A bond between an infant and his or her parent or caregiver in which the infant is repeatedly rejected and develops an isolated lifestyle that does not depend on the support and care of others.
anxious avoidant attachment
A disorder in which cholesterol and calcium build up inside the walls of the blood vessels, forming plaque, which eventually leads to partial or complete blockage of blood flow.
atherosclerosis
A parenting style that demands absolute obedience.
authoritarian
A parenting style that balances parental authority with the child’s freedom by setting and enforcing rules, but also allowing the child to have some freedom.
authoritative
Trauma resulting from increased pressure; for example from too much pressure in the lungs.
barotrauma
The formation of a close, personal relationship.
bonding
A type of reasoning in which a child looks for approval from peers and society.
conventional reasoning
The second phase of an infant’s response to a situational crisis; characterized by monotonous wailing.
despair phase
People who are 18 to 40 years of age.
early adults
Areas where the infant’s skull has not fused together; usually disappear at approximately 18 months of age; also called soft spots.
fontanelles
Structures located on either end of an infant’s bone that aid in lengthening bones as the child grows
growth plates
Increased carbon dioxide levels in the bloodstream.
hypercapnia
People who are 1 month to 1 year of age.
infants
People who are 61 years of age or older.
late adults
The average amount of years a person can be expected to live.
life expectancy
A female’s first menstrual period
menarche
The cessation of menstruation, which begins in a woman’s late 40’s or early 50’s, and which marks the end of the reproductive years.
menopause
People who are 41 to 60 years of age.
middle adults
An infant reflex in which, when caught off guard, the infant opens his or her arms wide, spreads the fingers, and seems to grab at things.
Moro reflex
The basic filtering units in the kidneys.
nephrons
An infant reflex that occurs when something is placed in the infant’s palm; the infant grasps the object.
palmar grasp
A parenting style in which the parent does not impose many rules, if any, on the child; two subcategories include indifferent and indulgent.
permissive
A type of reasoning in which a child bases decisions on his or her conscience.
postconventional reasoning
A type of reasoning in which a child acts almost purely to avoid punishment and to get what he or she wants.
preconventional reasoning
People who are 3 to 5 years of age.
preschoolers
An infant’s initial response to a situational crisis; characterized by loud crying.
protest phase
An instructional technique that builds on what has already been learned.
scaffolding
People who are 6 to 12 years of age.
school-age children
A bond between an infant and his or her parent or caregiver, in which the infant understands that parents and/ or caregivers will be responsive to his or her needs and provide care when help is needed.
secure attachment
A person’s perception of himself or herself.
self-concept
How a person feels about himself or herself, and how a person feels about how he or she fits in with peers.
self-esteem
A crisis caused by a specific set of circumstances.
situational crisis
An infant reflex in which the infant starts sucking when his or her lips are stroked.
sucking reflex
The theory that a person’s mental function declines in the last 5 years of life.
terminal drop hypothesis
People who are 1 to 3 years of age.
toddlers
A phrase that refers to a stage of development from birth to approximately 18 months of age, during which infants gain trust of their parents and/ or caregivers if their world is planned, organized, and routine.
trust and mistrust
In the context of infant behavior, the final phase of an infant’s response to a situational crisis; characterized by apathy and boredom.
withdrawal
