Ch 7 Medical Terminology Flashcards
Dors/o, dors/i
Back/ dorsal
Faci/o
Face
Lingua
Tongue
Mamm/o
Breast
Ren
Kidney
The name of a disease, device, procedure, or drug that is based on the person who invented, discovered, or first described it.
Eponym
Pairs of words that are pronounced almost the same way. (Examples: ileum and ilium)
Homonym
Pairs of word roots, prefixes, or suffixes that have the opposite meaning of another word.
Antonym
Pairs of word roots, prefixes, or suffixes that have the same or almost the same meaning.
Synonym
Eu-
Good
Mal-
Bad
Dextro-
Right
Sinistro-
Left
Ad-
Toward
Ab-
Away from
Pulmon/o
Lung
Pneum/o
Lung
Mamm/o
Breast
Mast/o
Breast
Cardi/o
Heart
Coron/o
Heart
Nephr/o
Kidney
Ren/o
Kidney
Angi/o
Vessel
Vas/o
Vessel
The portion that appears before the word root
Prefix
The portion that appears after the word root
Suffix
The foundation of the term
Word root
Vowel that links one or more word roots to an other component of a term
Combining vowel
Hypo
Low
A person between 80 and 89 years of age
Octogenarian
Un-
One
Affecting one side of the body
Unilateral
Dipl-
Double or in pairs
Double vision
Diplopia
Null-
None
A woman who has never given birth
Nullipara
Primi-
First
A woman pregnant for the first time
Primigravida
Multi-
Many
A woman who has given birth to more that’s one child
Multipara
Bi-
Two
Pertaining to both sides of the body
Bilateral
Tri-
Three
Irregular heart rhythm consisting of two normal beats followed by one premature beat
Trigeminy
Quad-
Four
Paralysis of all four extremities
Quadriplegia
Tetra-
Four
A congenital anomaly involving four anatomic abnormalities of the heart
Tetralogy of Fallot
Quint-
Five
A woman who has had five pregnancies resulting in five live births
Quintipara
Sexti-
Six
Six offspring of the same pregnancy
Sextuplets
Septi-
Seven
Seven offspring of the same pregancy
Septuplets
Octo- or octi-
Eight
A woman pregnant for the eighth time
Octigravida
Nona-
Nine
Occurring on the ninth day
Nonan
Deca-
Ten
Measurement of ten grams
Decagram
Semi-
Half; part
Partially conscious
Semiconscious
Hemi-
Half; one-sided
Weakness on one side of the body
Hemiplegia
Ambi-
Both
Able to use right and left hands equally
Ambidextrous
Pan-
All, entire
An epidemic over a wide area
Pandemic
A word root, prefix, or suffix with an added vowel, known as a combining vowel
Combining form
Osteon
Greek for bone
Cyan/o
Blue
Blue discoloration of the skin
Cyanosis
Leuk/o
White
White blood cell that fights infection
Leukocyte
Erythr/o
Red
Red blood cell that contains hemoglobin to carry oxygen
Erythrocyte
Cirrh/o
Yellow-orange
Inflammation of an organ, such as cirrhosis of the liver, which causes yellow-orange pigmentation of the skin
Cirrhosis
Melan/o
Black
Black, tarry stool caused by upper GI bleeding
Melena
Poli/o
Gray
An acute viral disease that attacks the gray matter of the brain
Poliomyelitis
Alb-
White
Condition in which a person’s skin, hair, and eyes lack pigmentation (white hair, very pale skin, and no pigmented iris)
Albinism
Chlor/o
Green
Green pigment in leaves that is necessary for the plant to carry out photosynthesis
Chlorophyll
Brachi/o
Arm
Cardi/o
Heart
Carp/o
Wrist
Cephal/o
Head
Cervic/o
Neck
Encephal/o
Brain
Faci/o
Face
Gloss/o
Tongue
Nas/o
Nose
Ot/o
Ear
Pil/o
Hair
Steth/o
Chest
Thorac/o
Chest, thorax
Thyr/o
Thyroid gland
Trache/o
Trachea
Ureter/o
Ureter
Vas/o
Vessel
Vesic/o
Bladder, blister
Viscer/o
Viscera
Medical terms containing more than one word root. (Examples include: electrocardiogram)
Compound words
Plural of vertebra
Vertebrae
Plural of diagnosis
Diagnoses
Plural of apex
Apices
Plural of ganglion
Ganglia
Plural of ovum
Ova
Plural of bronchus
Bronchi
Superficial landmarks of the body that serve as guides to the structures that lie beneath them
Topographic anatomy
The position of reference in which the person is standing, facing you, arms at his or her sides, with the palms of the hands facing forward
Anatomic position
An imaginary line that divides the body equally and creates a point of rotation
Axis
The body can be divided along three main axes, to create the following planes:
Coronal plane Transverse plane Sagittal (lateral) plane
An imaginary plane in which the body is cut into front and back portions
Coronal plane or Frontal plane
An imaginary plane passing horizontally through the body at the waist, dividing it into top and bottom halves
Transverse (axial) plane
A plane of the body that passes vertically from front to back, dividing the body into left and right portions
Sagittal (lateral) plane
An imaginary vertical line drawn from the middle of the forehead through the nose and the umbilicus (navel) to the floor
Midsagittal plane (midline)
The three axes along which the body can be divided are as follows
Anteroposterior axis Longitudinal axis Horizontal axis
Runs perpendicular to the coronal plane
Anteroposterior axis
Runs perpendicular to the transverse plane
Longitudinal axis
Runs perpendicular to the sagittal plane
Horizontal axis, also called the mediolateral axis
Neutral
Flexed
Extended
Fowler position
Supine
Prone
Recovery position
or left lateral recumbent position
