Chapter 10 - Lecture Flashcards

1
Q

What made cotton a critical component of the global economy?
A) Its natural resistance to pests and high yield.
B) Its adaptability to industrial-scale manufacturing and low cost.
C) Its exclusive production in North America.
D) Its durability compared to wool and linen.

A

B) Its adaptability to industrial-scale manufacturing and low cost.

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2
Q

Where was cotton first cultivated and spun?
A) Egypt and Mesopotamia
B) South and Central America, and the Indus River Valley
C) Greece and Rome
D) West Africa and China

A

B) South and Central America, and the Indus River Valley

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3
Q

How did Alexander the Great contribute to the spread of cotton?
A) He cultivated cotton in Macedonia.
B) His conquests introduced cotton clothes to his soldiers.
C) He established trade routes for cotton exports from Greece.
D) He imposed taxes on cotton imported to Europe.

A

B) His conquests introduced cotton clothes to his soldiers.

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4
Q

Why did cotton become important in early American colonies like Virginia?
A) Cotton was in high demand in Africa.
B) It provided a foundation for the economy and expanded slavery.
C) Cotton replaced tobacco as the primary crop.
D) Cotton was easier to grow than any other cash crop.

A

B) It provided a foundation for the economy and expanded slavery.

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5
Q

What did the Spinning Jenny, invented in 1764, achieve?
A) It removed seeds from cotton.
B) It spun multiple threads simultaneously, increasing efficiency.
C) It automated the weaving process.
D) It transported cotton more efficiently.

A

B) It spun multiple threads simultaneously, increasing efficiency.

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6
Q

Why was the power loom, patented by Reverend Edmund Cartwright in 1785, significant?
A) It improved thread quality, allowing faster weaving.
B) It made manual spinning of thread obsolete.
C) It enabled mass production of cotton fabric.
D) It eliminated the need for cotton gins.

A

C) It enabled mass production of cotton fabric.

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7
Q

Why did the British East India Company play a key role in the cotton industry?
A) It monopolized American cotton imports.
B) It exported Indian cotton to Europe and processed it in England.
C) It pioneered the use of the cotton gin.
D) It introduced tariffs on European cotton imports.

A

B) It exported Indian cotton to Europe and processed it in England.

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8
Q

How did cotton contribute to England’s dominance in the First Industrial Revolution?
A) By fostering technological innovation and increasing production.
B) By becoming the only exported British textile.
C) By eliminating competition from silk and wool industries.
D) By creating self-sufficiency in cotton farming.

A

A) By fostering technological innovation and increasing production.

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9
Q

Why were children employed in English cotton mills during the Industrial Revolution?
A) They were more skilled at handling machinery.
B) They could perform dangerous tasks adults could not, like cleaning lint.
C) They were paid higher wages than adults.
D) Child labor laws were not enforced in rural areas.

A

B) They could perform dangerous tasks adults could not, like cleaning lint.

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10
Q

What was the significance of the 1833 Factory Act in England?
A) It banned child labor entirely in textile factories.
B) It restricted working hours for children under 13 and improved safety.
C) It mandated equal wages for women and children.
D) It required cotton mills to provide education for child workers.

A

B) It restricted working hours for children under 13 and improved safety.

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11
Q

How did Francis Cabot Lowell contribute to American industrialization?
A) By inventing the spinning wheel.
B) By replicating British textile machinery and establishing Lowell Mills.
C) By creating the first cotton gin.
D) By introducing sharecropping as a labor system.

A

B) By replicating British textile machinery and establishing Lowell Mills.

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12
Q

What was the role of cotton in the U.S. economy by the 1850s?
A) It accounted for more than half of U.S. exports.
B) It supported only domestic textile production.
C) It became secondary to tobacco farming.
D) It was the first commodity to be industrially processed.

A

A) It accounted for more than half of U.S. exports.

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13
Q

What was a major consequence of the Rana Plaza collapse in Bangladesh?
A) It led to global boycotts of Bangladeshi textiles.
B) It sparked debates about consumer and retailer responsibility in the textile industry.
C) It resulted in stricter regulations on Western imports.
D) It ended the use of sweatshops globally.

A

B) It sparked debates about consumer and retailer responsibility in the textile industry.

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14
Q

Why is the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire in 1911 significant in the history of the textile industry?
A) It highlighted unsafe working conditions in textile factories.
B) It banned the use of child labor in the U.S. textile industry.
C) It marked the beginning of automation in textiles.
D) It was the first time women were employed in large numbers.

A

A) It highlighted unsafe working conditions in textile factories.

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15
Q

Which industry experienced the most significant growth in value during England’s Industrial Revolution?
A) Wool
B) Cotton
C) Silk
D) Linen

A

B) Cotton

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16
Q

How did the British East India Company influence the global cotton trade?
A) By banning Indian cotton exports.
B) By monopolizing cotton imports and reprocessing them in England.
C) By introducing the cotton gin to Indian markets.
D) By replacing Indian cotton with silk exports.

A

B) By monopolizing cotton imports and reprocessing them in England.

17
Q

Why was Manchester considered the cotton capital of the world during the Industrial Revolution?
A) It produced the highest quality cotton fabric.
B) It had numerous mills processing imported cotton.
C) Cotton was grown extensively in the surrounding areas.
D) It was the primary exporter of raw cotton.

A

B) It had numerous mills processing imported cotton.