Chapter 10: Intelligence Flashcards
intelligence test
a method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores
intelligence
mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
reification
to make a abstract concept into a concrete thing
general intelligence (g)
a general intelligence factor, that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measure by every task on an intelligence test
Factor Analysis
a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score.
primary mental abilities (thurstone)
identifies 7 clusters of primary mental abilities: word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial abilities, perceptual speed, numerical abilities, perceptual speed, numerical abilities, inductive reasoning, and memory
multiple intelligences (Gardner)
supports theory of multiple intelligences: linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, naturalist, (existential)
savant syndrome
a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing
triarchic theory
three intelligences: analytical, creative, and practical
analytical
assessed by intelligence tests/ academic problem-solving
creative
reacting adaptively to novel situations and generating novel ideas
practical
required for everyday life with multiple solutions
creativity
the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas
characteristics of creative people
expertise, imaginative thinking skills, a venturesome personality, intrinsic motivation, creative environment
expertise
well-developed base of knowledge furnishes ideas images and phrases
imaginative thinking skills
ability to see things in novel ways, to recognize patterns and make connections
venturesome personality
seeks new experiences, tolerates ambiguity and risks, perseveres in overcoming obstacles
intrinsic motivation
driven more by interest, satisfaction, and challenges instead of outward motivations
a creative environment
creative environment sparks, supports and refines creative ideas
emotional intelligence
the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions
perceptual speed
speed of perception correlates with intelligence
mental age
a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance
stanford-binet intelligence test
defined originally as ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100
achievement tests
a test designed to assess what a person has learned
