Chapter 10: Intelligence

Question 1

intelligence test

Answer 1

a method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores

Question 2

intelligence

Answer 2

mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

Question 3

reification

Answer 3

to make a abstract concept into a concrete thing

Question 4

general intelligence (g)

Answer 4

a general intelligence factor, that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measure by every task on an intelligence test

Question 5

Factor Analysis

Answer 5

a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person’s total score.

Question 6

primary mental abilities (thurstone)

Answer 6

identifies 7 clusters of primary mental abilities: word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial abilities, perceptual speed, numerical abilities, perceptual speed, numerical abilities, inductive reasoning, and memory

Question 7

multiple intelligences (Gardner)

Answer 7

supports theory of multiple intelligences: linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, naturalist, (existential)

Question 8

savant syndrome

Answer 8

a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing

Question 9

triarchic theory

Answer 9

three intelligences: analytical, creative, and practical

Question 10

analytical

Answer 10

assessed by intelligence tests/ academic problem-solving

Question 11

creative

Answer 11

reacting adaptively to novel situations and generating novel ideas

Question 12

practical

Answer 12

required for everyday life with multiple solutions

Question 13

creativity

Answer 13

the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas

Question 14

characteristics of creative people

Answer 14

expertise, imaginative thinking skills, a venturesome personality, intrinsic motivation, creative environment

Question 15

expertise

Answer 15

well-developed base of knowledge furnishes ideas images and phrases

Question 16

imaginative thinking skills

Answer 16

ability to see things in novel ways, to recognize patterns and make connections

Question 17

venturesome personality

Answer 17

seeks new experiences, tolerates ambiguity and risks, perseveres in overcoming obstacles

Question 18

intrinsic motivation

Answer 18

driven more by interest, satisfaction, and challenges instead of outward motivations

Question 19

a creative environment

Answer 19

creative environment sparks, supports and refines creative ideas

Question 20

emotional intelligence

Answer 20

the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions

Question 21

perceptual speed

Answer 21

speed of perception correlates with intelligence

Question 22

mental age

Answer 22

a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet; the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance

Question 23

stanford-binet intelligence test

Answer 23

defined originally as ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100

Question 24

achievement tests

Answer 24

a test designed to assess what a person has learned

Question 25

aptitude tests

Answer 25

a test designed to predict a person’s future performances; aptitude- the ability to learn

Question 26

Weschler-scales (WAIS,WISC)

Answer 26

the most widely used intelligence test; contains mostly verbal and performance subtests

Question 27

flynn effect

Answer 27

the raising of IQ by 20 points every year

Question 28

standardization

Answer 28

defining meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group

Question 29

normal curve

Answer 29

bellshaped curve that describes the distribute many attributes of nature

Question 30

reliability

Answer 30

extent to which a test yields consistent results