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PS102 > Chapter 10 Intelligence > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Intelligence Flashcards

1
Q

Intelligence

A

ability to learn, meet the demands of the environment effectively and to understand and control one’s mental activities

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2
Q

metacognition

A

ability to understand and control one’s mental activities

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3
Q

factor analysis

A

a statistical method for determining whether certain items on a test correlate highly, thus forming a unified set, or cluster of items

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4
Q

Spearman’s two factor theory

A

statistical method to determine whether two or more items correlate thus forming a cluster

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5
Q

What is s factor (spearman two factor theory)

A

specific factor ties to a specific area of functioning

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6
Q

G factor (spearman two factor theory)

A

general factor relating to all clusters

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7
Q

Lewis thurstone theory

A

Argues that intelligence is made up of seven distinct components
verbal comprehension, word fluency, spatial ability, associative memory, perpetual speed, reasoning

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8
Q

Verbal comprehension

A

vocabulary, reading, comprehension, verbal analogies

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9
Q

word fluency

A

ability to quickly generate and manipulate a large number of words with specific characteristics, like anagrams or rhyming tests

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10
Q

numerical skill

A

the ability to quickly and accurately carry out mathematical operations

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11
Q

spatial ability

A

skill in spatial visualization as well as the ability to mentally transform spatial figures

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12
Q

associative memory

A

rote memory and associating things with previous memories

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13
Q

perceptual speed

A

quickness in perceiving visual details, anomalies, similarities

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14
Q

reasoning

A

skill in a variety of inductive deductive, and arithmetic reasoning tasks

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15
Q

primary mental abilities

A

seven distinct mental abilities identified by thurstone as the basic components of intelligence

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16
Q

Howard Gardner theory

A

Associated with theory of multiple intelligences

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17
Q

theory of multiple intelligences

A

Gardner’s theory that there is no single unified intelligence but instead several independent intelligences arising from diff portions of the brain

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18
Q

musical

A

sensitivity to sounds and rhythm; capacity for musical expression

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19
Q

Gardner’s multiple intelligences theory (9)

A

linguistic, logical/mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily/kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic, existentialist

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20
Q

linguistic

A

sensitivity to the sound and meaning of words

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21
Q

logical/mathematical

A

capacity for scientific analysis and logical/mathematical problem solving

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22
Q

spatial

A

ability to accurately perceive spatial relationships

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23
Q

bodily/kinesthetic

A

ability to control body movements and manipulate objects

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24
Q

interpersonal

A

sensitivity to the emotions and motivations of others; skillful at managing others

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25
Q

intrapersonal

A

ability to understand one’s self and one’s strength and weaknesses

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26
Q

naturalistic

A

ability to understand patterns and processes in nature

27
Q

existentialist

A

ability to understand religious and spiritual ideals

28
Q

Robert Sternberg theory

A

Triarchic theory of intelligence

29
Q

triarchic theory of intelligence

A

Sternberg’s theory that intelligence is made up of three interacting components: internal external and experiential components

30
Q

Internal analytical (triarchic)

A

internal processing of inpo, evaluating problems, measured by IQ tests

31
Q

External creative (triarchic)

A

Special way of thinking that isn’t for straightforward school tasks more out of the box

32
Q

Experiential practical (triarchic)

A

type of thinking that helps us improve our environment or select new environments (adaptations)

33
Q

tacit knowledge

A

action oriented knowledge acquired without direct help from others which allows individuals to achieve goals they personally value

34
Q

Sternberg suggests that practical intelligence often relies on ____ knowledge

A

tacit

35
Q

Why does sternberg argue that effective interactions among the 3 components are keys to successful intelligence?

A

Each intellectual component actively relates to the others and it is more dynamic with more research evidence

36
Q

Stephen ceci theory

A

Bioecological model of intelligence

37
Q

Bioecological model of intelligence

A

ceci’s theory that intelligence is a function of the interaction between innate potential abilities, environmental context and internal motivation

38
Q

How does Ceci think biology affects intelligence?

A

ceci claims that each person has innate abilities that are developed based on one’s motivation to fulfill them

39
Q

emotional intelligence

A

ability to perceive, express, regulaye emotions and posess empathy

40
Q

social intelligence

A

ability to function in social settings, ability to get along in relationships

41
Q

Wisdom

A

ability to make sound judgements and function of practical intelligence

42
Q

Creativity

A

ability to generate valuable, original ideas
includes intrinsic motivation, imagination and game personality

43
Q

personality charcateristics

A

intelligence is the cognitive part of personality

44
Q

psychometric approach

A

test intelligence with psychological testing

45
Q

mental age

A

intellectual age at which a person is functioning

46
Q

Intelligence Quotient

A

(IQ) ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100

47
Q

standardization

A

use of uniform procedures to administer and score the test

48
Q

normal distribution

A

symmetrical, bell shaped distribution where most scored are in the middle with smaller equal groups at either side

49
Q

reliability

A

degree to which a test produces the same scores over time

50
Q

test-retest reliability

A

administer the test more than once

51
Q

split half reliability

A

divide the items on a single test among two groups

52
Q

validity

A

accuracy of a measurement

53
Q

content validity

A

how well a test accurately measures what it is meant to measure

54
Q

validity coefficient

A

correlation between measurement scores and external criteria

55
Q

predictive validity

A

correlation between scores and future behaviour

56
Q

Binet Simon Intelligence test

A

developed the first standardized intelligence test and introduced the idea of mental age

57
Q

Binet’s view of intelligence

A

Viewed it as the ability to demonstrate memory, judgement, reasoning and social comprehension

58
Q

What is the point of the binet’s intelligence test?

A

focus on language abilities and did not look to measure a child’s inborn intelligence but instead predict how well they will do in school

59
Q

Binet refused to use ___ ____ to rank children? Why?

A

Test scores, because intelligence is too complex to draw meaningful conclusions among most children

60
Q

Galton’s view of intelligence

A

wanted to understand why some ppl seem more intelligen than others and understand evolutionary factors contributing

61
Q

Theory of psychophysical performance

A

Galton’s theory that people with more energy can perform more work and in turn develop greater intelligence

62
Q

Psychic energy, heightened sensitivity to external stimuli are linked to

A

Galton

63
Q

What did Galton develop?

A

tests of an individual’s sensory processing, motor skills, and reaction time

PS102 (5 decks)

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