Chapter 10 Gases

Question 1

gas

Answer 1

substance that has no well defined boundaries but diffuses rapidly to fill any container in which it is placed

Question 2

kelvin

Answer 2

0 c + 273

Question 3

1 L (in cm3)

Answer 3

1000 cm^3

Question 4

standard temperature

Answer 4

273K

Question 5

Boyle’s law

Answer 5

at a constant temp. the volume of a fixed mass of gas is inversely proportional to its pressure

Question 6

Equation for Boyle’s law

Answer 6

PV= k

Question 7

Charles law

Answer 7

at constant pressure the volume of a fixed mass of gas is directly proportional to its temperature (K)

Question 8

Equation for Charles’s law

Answer 8

V/T = k

Question 9

Combination of Boyle’s + Charles equation (combined gas law)

Answer 9

p1v1/T1 = p2v2/T2

Question 10

Gay - Lussac’s Law of combining volumes

Answer 10

in a reaction bet. gases the volume of the reacting gases and the volumes of any gaseous products are in the ratio of small whole numbers provided the volumes are measured at the same temp + psi

Question 11

Avogadro’s constant

Answer 11

states that equal volumes of gases contain equal no. of molecules under the same condition of temp. + psi

Question 12

s.t.p of a mole of gas

Answer 12

22.4

Question 13

ideal gas

Answer 13

one that perfectly obeys all the assumptions of the kinetic theory of gases under any conditions (temp/psi)

Question 14

Real gases

Answer 14

differ from the ideal gases because forces of attraction + repulsion do exist bet. the molecules ans the volume of the molecules is not negligible

Question 15

Kinetic theory of gases (assumptions)

Answer 15

gases are made up of particles that are continuous rapid motion , no attractive or repulsive forces, gas molecules , the gas molecules are so small and so widely spread that the actual volume of all the molecules is negligible in comparison with the space they occupy, when molecules collide the collisions are perfectly elastic.

Question 16

Kinetic theory of gases (limitations)

Answer 16

all real gases have tiny attractive/repulsive forces bet. them , it is not valid to say that volume of a gas is always negligible as under high pressure when molecules are crowded closer together

Question 17

when do gases act similar to ideal gases

Answer 17

at low pressure, at high temperature,

Question 18

Why does diffusion occur

Answer 18

because gases consist of particles that have a great deal of freedom and are always on the move

Question 19

equation for the ideal state of gas

Answer 19

PV= nrt (p-pascals) (n-no. of moles)(r- gas constant JKMol)