Chapter 10 Emotional Development and Attachment

Question 1

The body’s physiological reaction to a situation, your cognitive interpretation of the situation, communication to another person and your own actions

Answer 1

Emotion

Question 2

An automatic and unlearned set of emotions that arise early in development and have a biological basis

Answer 2

Basic emotion

Question 3

Culturally determined norms for when, how, and to whom emotion should, or should not, be shown

Answer 3

Emotional display rules

Question 4

All the association and interpretations that an individual connects to a certain emotion

Answer 4

Emotion Schemas

Question 5

using the reaction of others to determine how to react in ambiguous situations

Answer 5

Social referencing

Question 6

Sharing the feelings of other people

Answer 6

Empathy

Question 7

Concern for others welfare that often leads to helping or comforting me

Answer 7

Sympathy

Question 8

Emotions that depend on awareness of oneself,such a pride, quilt, and shame

Answer 8

Self- conscious emotions

Question 9

Feelings children have when they think about the negative aspects of something they have done, particularly moral failures

Answer 9

Guilt

Question 10

A feeling that occurs as a result of personal failure or when children attribute their bad behavior to an aspect of themselves that they believe they cannot change

Answer 10

Shame

Question 11

The general emotional style an individual displays in responding to events

Answer 11

Temperament

Question 12

A child’s general responsiveness marked by positive mood, easy adaption, to change, and regularity and predictability in patterns of eating, sleeping, and elimination

Answer 12

Easy temperament

Question 13

A child’s general responsiveness marked by more negative mood, intense responses,slow adaption to change, and irregular patterns of eating, sleeping, and elimination

Answer 13

Difficult temperament

Question 14

A general responsiveness marked by a slow adaption to new experience and moderate irregularity in eating, sleeping, and elimination

Answer 14

Slow-to-warm temperament

Question 15

How well a child’s temperamental characteristics match wit the demands of the child’s environment

Answer 15

Goodness of fit

Question 16

A parental style that teaches children how to understand their emotions and deal with them

Answer 16

Emotional coaching

Question 17

A parental style that teaches children to ignore their feelings

Answer 17

Emotion dismissing

Question 18

The ability to consciously control one’s behavior

Answer 18

Effortful control

Question 19

The ability to wait until later to get something desirable

Answer 19

Delay of gratification

Question 20

The ability to understand and control one’s emotions, to understand the emotions of others, and to use this understanding in human interactions

Answer 20

Emotional intelligence

Question 21

Behaviors, such as aggressive or destructive behavior, in which the child or adolescent “acts out” on the environment

Answer 21

Externalizing (or other directed) behaviors

Question 22

Behaviors in which a child’s emotion are turned inward and become hurtful to themselves

Answer 22

Internalizing (or self-directed) behaviors

Question 23

A vague fear of events that may or may not occur

Answer 23

Anxiety

Question 24

A level of anxiety that is severe, last a long time, and interferes with normal functioning

Answer 24

Anxiety disorder

Question 25

A condition marked by feelings of worthlessness and hopelessness, a lack of pleasure, sleep and appetite disturbances, and possibly suicidal thoughts

Answer 25

Major depression

Question 26

A therapeutic approach based on changing maladaptive thoughts and behaviors to deal with problem- focused goals

Answer 26

Cognitive behavioral therapy

Question 27

A persistent pattern of behavior marked by defiant, disobedient, and hostile behavior toward authority figures

Answer 27

Oppsitional defiant disorder

Question 28

A pattern of family interaction in which parents and children mutually train each other so that the child becomes increasingly aggressive and the parents become less effective in controlling the child’s behavior

Answer 28

Coercive family environment

Question 29

Serve and frequent temper tantrums that are out of proportion with the situation

Answer 29

Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD)

Question 30

A persistent pattern of behavior of behavior marked by violation of the basic rights of others or of major age-appropriate social norms or rules

Answer 30

Conduct disorder

Question 31

An emotional bond to a particular person

Answer 31

Attachment

Question 32

A strong, positive emotional bond with a person who provides comfort and a sense of security

Answer 32

Secure attachment

Question 33

The idea that human behavior is determined by the motivation to satisfy or reduce the discomfort caused by biological needs or drives

Answer 33

Drive reduction

Question 34

The use of a parent to provide the security that an infant can rely on as she explores the environment

Answer 34

Secure base for exploration

Question 35

The stage of development of attachment from birth to 6 weeks, in which infant sensory preferences bring infants into close connection with parents

Answer 35

Preattachment

Question 36

The stage from 6 weeks to 6 to 8 months in which infants develop stranger anxiety differentiating those they know from those they dont

Answer 36

Attachment in the making

Question 37

The stage from 6 to 8 months to 18 months to 2 years, when and infant develops separation anxiety when a person he is attached to leaves him

Answer 37

Clear-cut attachment

Question 38

The stage of development of attachment from 18 months on, when toddlers create reciprocal relationships with their mothers

Answer 38

Goal-corrected partnership

Question 39

Fearfulness that infants develop at about 6 months of age toward people they do not know

Answer 39

Stranger anxiety

Question 40

Distress felt when separation from a parent

Answer 40

Separation anxiety

Question 41

Mental representations of the particular attachment relationships that a child has experienced that shape expectations of future relationships

Answer 41

Internal working model

Question 42

Mary Aisworth’s experimental procedure designed to assess security of attachment in infants

Answer 42

Strange Situation

Question 43

An attachment classification in which the infant is not distressed when her mother leaves, is as comfortable with the stranger as her mother and does not rush to greet her mother when she returns

Answer 43

Anxious avoidant attachment

Question 44

An attachment classification in which the infant is reluctant to move away from his mother to explore and is very distressed when she leaves, but when she returns, he approaches her but also angrily resist her attempt to pick him up

Answer 44

Anxious ambivalent/ resistant attachment

Question 45

An attachment classification in which behavior is unpredictable and odd and shows no coherent way of dealing with attachment issues, often linked with prenatal abuse or neglect

Answer 45

Disorganized/ disoriented attachment

Question 46

The expectation that a child develops that distress will or will not be met with care, concern, and support

Answer 46

Secure base script

Question 47

A disorder marked by inability to form attachments to caregivers

Answer 47

Reactive attachment disorder (RAD)

Question 48

An attachment disorder in which children approach strangers indiscriminately, not differentiating between attachment figures and other people

Answer 48

Disinhibited social engagement disorder