Cahpter 7 Cognitive Development

Question 1

Stores info for only a brief time to allow the mind to process info and more into long-term memory

Answer 1

Working Memory

Question 2

2 memory systems a systematic controlled for exact details and an automatic, intuitive memory for the gist or meaning of events

Answer 2

Fuzzy Trace Theory

Question 3

The ability ti understand self and others as agents who act on the basis of their mental states,such as beliefs desires, emotions and intentions

Answer 3

Theory of Mind

Question 4

And adults inability to remember experiences that happened before 3 years old

Answer 4

Infantile amnesia

Question 5

Transformation processes through which new info is stored into long term memory

Answer 5

Encoding Processes

Question 6

Repeating info to remember it

Answer 6

Rehearsal

Question 7

Nearly permanent retention of memories

Answer 7

Long-term memory

Question 8

The amount of info an individual can think about at one time

Answer 8

Processing Capacity

Question 9

A coherent st of memories about ones life

Answer 9

Autobiographical Memory

Question 10

The ability to switch focus as needed to compete a task

Answer 10

Cognitive Flexibility

Question 11

The ability to think about an monitor ones thoughts and cognitive activities

Answer 11

Metacognition

Question 12

The ability to stay on task and ignore distractions

Answer 12

Inhibitory Control

Question 13

A memory strategy that involves creating extra connectors like images, or sentences, that can tie together

Answer 13

Elaboration

Question 14

The efficiency with which one can perform cognitive task

Answer 14

Information Processing Speed

Question 15

Doing several different activities at the same time, often involving several forms of media

Answer 15

Multitasking

Question 16

Memory for something you though happened but did not

Answer 16

False Memories

Question 17

The capacity info that comes in through our senses to be retained for a very brief period of time in its raw form

Answer 17

Sensory Memory

Question 18

The ability of the brain to coordinate attention and memory and control behavioral responses for the purpose of attaining a certain goal

Answer 18

Executive Function

Question 19

Memory of the way common occurrences in ones life, such as grocery shopping

Answer 19

Scripts

Question 20

Extreme difficulty with inattention impassivity or both

Answer 20

Attention- Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Question 21

Tuning into certain things while tuning others out

Answer 21

Selective Attention

Question 22

An attempt to resolve uncertainty to return to a comfortable state

Answer 22

Equilibration

Question 23

Skills become so well practices that you can do them without much conscious thought

Answer 23

Automaticity

Question 24

Talking to ones self, often out loud, to guide ones own actions

Answer 24

Private Speech

Question 25

A state of confusion in which your schemas do not fit your experiences

Answer 25

Disequilibrium

Question 26

An infants repetition of a reflective action that results in a pleasurable experience

Answer 26

Circular Reaction

Question 27

Changing mental schemas so they fit new experiences

Answer 27

Accommodation

Question 28

A test for object permanence in which an object is hidden under cloth A and then moved under cloth B

Answer 28

A-not-B Task

Question 29

The reduction in the response to a stimulus that is repeated

Answer 29

Habituation

Question 30

The ability to reverse mental operations

Answer 30

Reversibility

Question 31

Basic quantity of something(Amount, volume, mass) remains the same regardless f changes in appearance

Answer 31

Conservation

Question 32

1st stage in which infants learn through their senses and their actions on the world

Answer 32

Sensorimotor Stage

Question 33

Piagets theory that cognitive development of knowledge is bases on both genetics( from biology and epistemology( a philosophical understanding of the nature of knowledge.

Answer 33

Genetic- epistemology

Question 34

2nd stage in which children 2 and 7 do not yet have logical thought and instead think magically and egocentrically

Answer 34

Preoperational stage

Question 35

The ability to organize objects into hierarchical conceptual categories

Answer 35

Classification

Question 36

The understanding that objects still exist when an infant does not see them

Answer 36

Object performance

Question 37

Research based on the finding that babies look longer at expected or surprising events

Answer 37

Violation of expectation

Question 38

The belief that one is the center of other peoples attention

Answer 38

Imaginary Audience

Question 39

Mental actions that follow systematic logical rules

Answer 39

Operations

Question 40

Focusing on only one aspect of a situation

Answer 40

Centration

Question 41

The ability to form hypothesis about how the world works and to reason logically about these hypothesis

Answer 41

Hypothetico- deductive reasoning

Question 42

3rd stage in which children between 6 and 12 develop logical thinking but still cannot think abstractly

Answer 42

Concrete operations

Question 43

The belief that you are in some way unique and different from all other people

Answer 43

Personal Fable

Question 44

Infants understanding of the world through their action on it

Answer 44

Motor Schema

Question 45

The theory that basic areas of knowledge are innate and built into the human brain

Answer 45

Theory of core knowledge

Question 46

According to Vygotsky, this is what a kid cannot do on their own but with help

Answer 46

Zone of proximal development

Question 47

The cognitive ability to consider multiple perspective and bring together seemingly contradictory info

Answer 47

Postformal operations

Question 48

Maintaining focus over time

Answer 48

Sustained attention

Question 49

The ability to think about more than one aspect of a situation at a time

Answer 49

Decenter

Question 50

A cognitive framework that places concepts, objects, or experiences into categories of groups of associations

Answer 50

Schema

Question 51

The thinking scientist use to test a hypothesis

Answer 51

Scientific thinking

Question 52

The beginning form of logic developing during the preoperational stage

Answer 52

Intuitive though

Question 53

Fitting new experiences into existing mental schemas

Answer 53

Assimilation

Question 54

4th Stage in which people 12 and older think both logically and abstractly

Answer 54

Formal operations

Question 55

The inability to see or understand things from someone else's perspective

Answer 55

Egocentrism

Question 56

adults support the childs learning by providing help to move the child just beyond this current level

Answer 56

Scaffolding