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Anatomy Lecture > Chapter 10 Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Cranial Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

Which nerves are sensory only?

A

1, 2, 8

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2
Q

What are mixed nerves?

A

sensory and motor neurons, most nerves

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3
Q

Which nerves are motor only?

A

none. No purely motor cranial nerves because they contain some sensory proprioception fibers

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4
Q

Olfactory nerve (CN I) function

A

VA neurons: sense of smell

carries olfactory (VA) impulses nasal cavity to olfactory bulbs of brain

SENSORY ONLY

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5
Q

Olfactory nerve type (CN I)

A

bipolar neuron

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6
Q

Optic nerve function (CN II)

A

SA neurons: vision

carry visual (SA) impulses from the retinae of the eyes to the optic chiasm of the brain

SENSORY ONLY

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7
Q

Optic nerve type (CN II)

A

bipolar neuron

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8
Q

Oculomotor nerve function (CN III)

A

SE, VE, SA proprioceptive neurons

muscles of eye; rotates eye; raises upper eyelid to open

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9
Q

Oculomotor nerve type (CN III)

A

Multipolar

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10
Q

Trochlear nerve function (CN IV)

A

Carries motor fibers to 1 muscle… superior oblique muscle to move eye through trochlea

Smallest cranial nerve; only nerve to arise from posterior aspect of brain

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11
Q

Trochlear nerve type (CN IV)

A

multipolar

SE neurons; SA proprioceptive

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12
Q

Trigeminal nerve function (CN V)

A

largest cranial nerve, principal sensory nerve of head; 3 subdivisions

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13
Q

Trigeminal nerve 3 subdivisions (CN V)

A

Ophthalamic n. - SA impulses from eye, eyelid, eyeball; pseudounipolar

Maxillary n. - SA impulses from cheek, upper lip, upper teeth, palate; pseudounipolar (EX.. senses hot chocolate or pizza on top of your mouth)

Mandibular n. - largest;

  • SA impulses from around chin, lower lip, tongue/teeth; pseudounipolar
  • SE impulses for mastication; multipolar
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14
Q

Abducens n. (CN VI)

A

SE neurons supply one muscle of eye, rotate eyeball laterally; multipolar

SA proprioceptive fibers

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15
Q

Facial N. (CN VII)

A

All 4 neurons!

VA: taste sensation; pseudounipolar
VE: lacrimal, sublingual, and submandibular glands
SE: muscles of facial expression and the stapedius m.
SA proprioceptive fibers

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16
Q

Vestibular Cochlear n. (CN VIII)

A

SA from cochlear part of internal ear (audition) and vestibular part of internal ear (balance and position)

bipolar

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17
Q

Glossopharyngeal n. (CN IX)

A

ALL 4 neurons

VA: taste sensations from posterior 1/3 of tongue, general sensation from back of tongue and pharyngeal region
VE: motor to parotid gland (salivation)
SA: area behind ear; pseudounipolar
SE: skeletal m. to pharynx

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18
Q

Vagus n. (CN X)

A

ALL 4 neurons; longest cranial nerve

VA: cervical thoracic and abdominal viscera (respiratory and digestive systems
VE - Involuntary muscles and glands in thoracic and abdominal cavities
SA: skin at back of ear
SE: Motor to muscles of larynx and pharynx

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19
Q

Accessory n. (CN XI)

A

SE: part of sternocleidomastoid muscle; supplies skeletal muscles of neck

20
Q

Hypoglossal n. (CN XII)

A

SE: move tongue around

21
Q

Which cranial nerves pass through jugular foramen?

A

CN 9, 10, 11

22
Q

Which cranial nerve does not leave skull?

A

8

23
Q

How many pairs of spinal nerves?

A

31

24
Q

Plexses

A

network or bundle of vessels

25
Q

cervical plexus

A

first 5 cervical n. (C1 to C5)

innervates skin of scalp, neck, superior aspect of shoulder, chest, neck m., diaphragm

26
Q

brachial plexus

A

bundle of neurons that supply SUPERIOR limb (C5, C6, C7, C8, T1)

27
Q

3 trunks of brachial plexus

A
  1. superior trunk C5+C6
  2. Middle trunk C7
  3. Inferior trunk C8+T1
28
Q

Lumbosacral plexus

A

nerves that supply INFERIOR limbs

  1. lumbar plexus L1 to L4
  2. sacral plexus L4 to S4
29
Q

Anterior root

A

carries motor fibers OUT OF anterior aspect of spinal chord

30
Q

Posterior root

A

carries most sensory fibers INTO the spinal cord

31
Q

sensory ganglia

A
  • carries bodies of pseudounipolar neurons
  • associated with most cranial nerves and on post. roots of spinal nerves
  • NO synapses
  • can interpret things so everything does not go to brain
32
Q

ramus communican branch

A

pre and post ganglionic fibers in ANS; communicating branch

33
Q

ganglia

A

groups of cell bodies in PNS

34
Q

sympathetic trunk

A

two long nerve strands extend from base of skull to coccyx; one on each side of vertebral column

35
Q

autonomic ganglia

A
  • groups of cell bodies in PNS
  • scattered in head, neck and trunk, along sympathetic trunk
  • within walls of organs, along nerves and plexuses
  • HAVE AT LEAST 1 SYNAPSE
36
Q

3 types of autonomic ganglia

A
  1. sympathetic trunk (“paravertebral”) ganglia
  2. Named peripheral (“prevertebral”) ganglia
  3. terminal (intramural) ganglia
37
Q

named ganglia assicated with which cranial nerves?

A

3,7,9,10

38
Q

special senses

A

vision, audition, equilibrium, olfaction, gustation

39
Q

general senses

A

touch, pressure, pain, heat, cold

40
Q

photoreceptors

A

light, only in retina

41
Q

thermoreceptors

A

temperature (some heat, some cold)

42
Q

mechanoreceptors

A

detect pressure, touch, movement, stretch, vibration

43
Q

chemoreceptors

A

taste buds and olfaction

44
Q

nocioreceptors

A

pain

45
Q

exteroreceptors

A

external environment

46
Q

visceroceptors

A

visceral organ sensation (hunger/thirst, fatigue, pain)

47
Q

proprioceptors

A

changes in position, balance, movement of muscles in jts, tendons, m. bellies and internal ear

Anatomy Lecture (9 decks)

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