Chapter 10- Corrections Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between jails and prisons?

A

-Jails are for misdemeanors
-Prisons are for felonies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What’s the difference between the Pennsylvania system vs. the New York system?

A

-Pennsylvania system: Had separate confinement for 23 hours a day
-New York system: Had solitary confinement only at night

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the Elmira reformatory?

A

-First reformatory in Elmira, NY, in 1876 which was meant for younger offenders (age 16-30).
-Used methods of treatment such as reform and rehabilitation
-Incorporated the mark system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the mark system?

A

-A point system that can reduce a prisoner’s sentence through good behavior, labor, education achievement
-Similar to good time, probation/parole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is Enlightenment? How is it related to corrections?

A

-A movement/period during the 18th century which concepts of liberalism, rationalism, equality and individualism dominated social and political thinking
-Reformers began to raise questions about the nature of criminal behavior and their punishments (physical punishments before 1800)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the rehabilitation model?

A

-Used treatment such as reform and rehab (criminals seen as “sick)
-Also known as medical model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Name the three models of corrections.

A

Rehabilitation, community, crime control

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the crime control model?

A

Used strict methods to control crime (harsh punishments)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the community model?

A

Focused on integration; helping former convicts find jobs and remain connected to their families and the community

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

About what percent of prisoners are women?

A

Between 7 to 8%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What led to the growth of women in prison?

A

The war on drugs (women’s growth rate is greater than men)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who was first to press for changes in women’s prisons?

A

Elizabeth Gurney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What were the three things that were called for change in women’s prisons?

A

-Separation from men
-Meet the needs of women
-Female staff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the difference between the federal bureau of prisons and the state corrections

A

-Federal bureau of prisons: (Centralized) Controlled by the federal government
State corrections: (decentralized) Varies by stat how they organize corrections

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the hands off policy?

A

Prior to 1960, courts had little/nothing to do with prisoners’ rights

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What court cases involved the hands of policy? (hint: there are 5)

A

-Cooper v. Pate (1964)
-Hudson v. Palmer (1984)
-Wolff v. McDonnell (1974)
-Lee v. Washington (1968)
-Johnson v. California (2005)

15
Q

What was Cooper v. Pate (1964) about?

A

Ended hands-off policy; inmates could sue if civil rights were violated (housing, brutality, etc.)

16
Q

What was Hudson v. Palmer (1984) about?

A

4th Amendment right for prisoners; Guards could search prison cells at any time without reason

17
Q

What was Wolff v. McDonnell (1974) about?

A

Ruled inmates have the right to due process (alert as to why they’re being punished/what they’re being punished for, right to a trial, etc.)

18
Q

What was Lee v. Washington (1968) about?

A

Racial discrimination can’t be an official policy

19
Q

What was Johnson v. California (2005) about?

A

Racial segregation can be justified in special circumstances to prevent violence and victimization

20
Q

Explain the correction policy trends during war on crime (1970)

A

-Probation: 4 million people
-Prisons and Jails: Over 2 million incarcerated
-Parole: 850,000 people