Chapter 10 - Choice, Matching and Self Control Flashcards
What are three deviations from matching?
- Under-matching
- Over-matching
- Bias from matching
Why might undermatching occur?
If there is little cost of switching between schedules.
What does COD stand for? (not Call of Duty)
Changeover delay
What is changeover delay?
The amount of time taken to switch from one schedule to another, designed to replicate the real life delay in behaviour when a pigeon decides to hunt in another area, for example.
What is under-matching?
A deviation from matching in which the proportion of responses on the richer schedule versus poorer schedule is less different than would be predicted by matching.
When might over-matching occur?
When the cost of switching schedules is very high.
What is over-matching?
A deviation from matching in which the proportion of responses on the richer schedule versus the poorer schedule is more different than would be predicted by matching.
What can bias in matching demonstrate?
The degree of preference for different reinforcers.
What is bias from matching?
A deviation from matching that occurs when one response alternative attracts a higher proportion of responses than would be predicted by matching.
What is the melioration theory?
A theory of matching that holds that the distribution of behaviour in a choice situation shifts towards those alternatives which have a higher value of reinforcement, regardless of the long term effects.
What is the commitment response?
An action carried out at an early point in time that serves to either eliminate or reduce the value of an upcoming temptation.
What is the concurrent schedule of reinforcement?
A complex schedule consisting of the simultaneous presentation of two or more independent schedules, each leading to a reinforcer.
What is impulsiveness?
Selecting a smaller sooner reward over a larger later reward.
What is the matching law?
The principle that the proportion of response emitted on a particular schedule matches the proportion of reinforcers obtained on that schedule.
What is self-control?
Selecting a larger later reward rather than a smaller sooner reward.
