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Nursing Concepts (Black) > Chapter 10 > Flashcards

Chapter 10 Flashcards

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1
Q

systematic way of thinking

A

Scientific method

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2
Q

standardized experimental designs with hypothesis, measurable variables and outcomes, and statistical analysis.

A

Quantitative research

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3
Q

refers to systematic distortion of a finding from data, often resulting from a problem with the sample

A

Bias

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4
Q

naturalistic inquiry or interpretivism

A

Qualitative research

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5
Q

relies on data collection techniques like narrative interviews and participant observation.

A

Qualitative research

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6
Q

ethnography, phenomenology, and grounded theory

A

other types of Qualitative research

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7
Q

combination of qualitative and quantitative

A

Mixed methods

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8
Q

summarizes and explains the universe without regard for whether the information is immediately useful – new knowledge

A

Purse Science

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9
Q

practical application of scientific theory and laws – also known as clinical science

A

Applied science

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10
Q

conduit between bench research and bedside research*

A

Translational research

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11
Q

takes the findings in the laboratories and develops them for use at the bedside.
It also takes the findings from clinical research done at the bedside to ask new questions and to direct new research at the bench level.

A

Translational research

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12
Q

the process begins with a particular experience and proceeds to generalizations

A

Inductive Reasoning

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13
Q

Inferences are made that lead to further research

A

Inductive Reasoning

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14
Q

a process in which conclusions are drawn by logical inference from given premises. It proceeds from the general case to the specific

A

Deductive reasoning

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15
Q

Valid rather than True

A

Deductive reasoning

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16
Q
  1. Health care settings are not comparable with laboratories.
  2. Human beings are far more than collections of parts that can be dissected and subjected to examination or experimentation.
  3. The claim for objectivity (freedom from bias)
A

Limitations of Scientific method (Using Quantitative Techniques)

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17
Q
  • systematic investigation of phenomena related to improving patient care
  • focuses on patients’ responses amenable to nursing care
A

Nursing research

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18
Q
  • A conceptual framework exists or can be constructed from previous research. The problem fits logically and aligns with what is already known.
  • Based on related research findings published in professional, peer-reviewed journals or is supported by similar ongoing research in other settings
  • Carefully designed. The results will be applicable in similar situations or will generate hypotheses for further research and testing.
A

A problem may be amenable to being addressed by research if:

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19
Q
  • To receive funding, nurses must do research that interests others, has demonstrated significance, and has support from reviewers.
  • Research that is not based on or is not related to previous work may have inadvertent violations of human participants’ rights.
  • Institutional review board (IRB) approval
A

Issues with Nursing Research

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20
Q
  • Support basic, clinical, and translational research to build scientific foundation for clinical practice
  • Prevent disease and disability
  • Manage and eliminate symptoms caused by illness
  • Enhance palliative and end-of-life care
  • Train the next generation of scientists
A

Purposes of

National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)

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21
Q

An approach to the delivery of healthcare that integrates the
best evidence from studies,
Patient care date with clinician expertise, and
Patient preferences

A

Evidence-Based Practice

EBP

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22
Q

is an element of critical thinking and a good means of improving clinical judgment.

A

EBP

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23
Q

helps prevent nursing practice from deteriorating into routine or traditional care.

A

EBP

24
Q

Continuing education courses, professional conferences, journals, and membership in professional organizations

A

Ways to stay current and aware of new evidence:

25
Q

is to learn how to seek out and critique research findings to implement best practices in one’s own nursing practice.

A

An important focus of professional nursing education

26
Q

Population of interest, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, Tme

A

PICOT framework

27
Q

carry much weight in immediate change in practice

A

Well-executed randomized trials

28
Q

may inform practice.

A

Descriptive or qualitative studies

29
Q

must be rigorously planned, carefully implemented, and analyzed meticulously.

A

All nursing research

30
Q
  1. Identification of a researchable problem
  2. Review of the literature
  3. Formulation of the research question or hypothesis
  4. Design of the study
  5. Implementation of the study
  6. Drawing conclusions based on findings
  7. Discussion and/or clinical implications
  8. Dissemination of findings
A

Steps in Research Process

How do you search for a current research?

31
Q

Clinical situations
Literature
Theories

A
  1. Identification of a researchable problem
32
Q

Classics and literature published within 5 years

Internet and disciplined, organized searches of established databases

A
  1. Review of the literature – covers all relevant research and supporting documents
33
Q

Hypothesis

The researcher defines the variables.

A
  1. Formulation of the research question or hypothesis
34
Q

– educated or informed speculation as to what the outcome will be

A

Hypothesis

35
Q

Experimental design
Non-experimental design
True experimental design and human participants

A
  1. Design of the study
36
Q

determines the effect of an intervention or compares the responses of participants to two or more differing treatments

A

Experimental design

37
Q

descriptive or exploratory research like surveys, descriptive comparisons, evaluation studies, and historical documentary research, etc.

A

Non-experimental design

38
Q

are designed to avoid unethical and inappropriate denial of care

A

Modified experimental design

39
Q

Data collection

Data analysis

A
  1. Implementation of the study
40
Q

Publish in professional journals

Present in conferences

A
  1. Dissemination of findings
41
Q

– a review panel evaluates appropriateness and accuracy and recommends revision, publication, or rejection

A

Peer review process

42
Q

summary of research

A

Abstract

43
Q

develops solutions that can be used with confidence in different situations.

A

Research

44
Q
  • generates interest in further studies.

- enhances the status of nursing as a profession.

A

Nursing research

45
Q

have made a difference in patient care.

A

Clinical Studies

46
Q

affect the health care system.

A

Nursing research findings

47
Q
  1. Improved care of patients with skin breakdown from pressure ulcers
  2. Decreasing light and noise in critical care units to prevent sleep deprivation
  3. Using caps on newborns to decrease heat loss and stabilize body temperature
  4. Positioning patients after chest surgery to facilitate respiration
  5. Scheduling pain medication more frequently after surgery
  6. Preoperative teaching to facilitate postoperative recovery
A

A few examples of changes in nursing practice stimulated by research include the following:

48
Q 
- National Institute of Nursing 
      Research (NINR)
- National Institutes of Health 
      (NIH)
- Nursing associations:
      - American Nurses 
      Foundation (ANF)
   - Sigma Theta Tau 
     International (STTI) - - Honor 
     Society of Nursing
A

Financial Support for Nursing Research

49
Q

Learning about research; doing honors projects or assisting in laboratories

A

Nursing student

50
Q

Identifies problems that can be studied; may do data collection for research studies

A

Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)

51
Q

Replicates earlier research; beginning independent research

A

Master of science in Nursing (MSN)

52
Q

Connect research to practice. Do research in collaboration with PhD-prepared colleague

A

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)

53
Q

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

A

Generate and test theory; establishing independent research career with external funding (like NIH, foundation grants)

54
Q
  • Read, interpret, and evaluate research for use in supporting their evidence-based nursing practice
  • Identify nursing problems that need to be investigated
  • Participate in the implementation of scientific studies
  • Help disseminate research-based knowledge by sharing useful research findings with colleagues
A

BSN-prepared nurse

55
Q
  • Ready to replicate studies that have been previously conducted
  • Some nurses are better prepared to conduct research.
A

Master’s degree-prepared nurse

56
Q
  • More favorably positioned to receive research funding than are nurses without doctorates
  • Only nurses with PhDs may receive funding from the NIH, although other funding sources are open to nurses with other doctoral degrees.
A

Doctor of philosophy or other doctoral decrees nurse

57
Q

CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and PubMed

A

Established Database for research

Nursing Concepts (Black) (5 decks)

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