Chapter 10 Flashcards
Chromosome
threadlike structure of DNA and protein that contains genetic information - make it possible to separate DNA precisely during cell division
Cytokinesis
Completes the process of cell division and splits the cell in 2
Apoptosis
The process of programmed cell death
Cancer is caused by:
Defects in the genes that regulate cell growth and division
What is a cyclin/cyclins?
A family of proteins present in cells during mitosis. - They regulate the timing of the cycle
During the cell cycle, the cell: (3)
- Grows
- Prepares for division
- Divides into 2 daughter cells
Prokaryote chromosomes:
- lack a nuclei
- their DNA is found in the cytoplasm
- Contain a single circular DNA chromosome
Eukaryote Chromosomes
Have much more DNA then prokaryotes
Contain multiple chromosomes
DNA + Histones =
Nucleosomes
Nucleosomes are further folded to form:
Chromatin
Chromatin:
Substance that consists of DNA coiled around Histones - primary purpose is to compress DNA into a compact unit so it can fit in the nucleus
*Chromosomes make it possible to separate DNA precisely during cell division
*Cell cycle is separated into 2 major parts: Interphase and Cell division
During what phase is DNA replicated?
S phase
During what phase do cells do most of their growing?
G1 Phase
Cell division occurs in 2 phases:
Mitosis and Cytokinesis
