Chapter 10 Flashcards
Watson
founder of behaviorism
say himself as bringing together ideas of behaviorism
reductionist, mechanistic
detested psychoanalysis
What did Watson not study?
conscious mind, unconscious mind
Not mentalistic concepts
Reductionist
break things down to smallest component
what did Watson want to study?
A new school
Mechanistic
something will continue unless something changes
Experimenter became what?
the observer
human subjects became
the observed
behaviorism would study?
how: the science of behavior( actions taken by an organism) using objective and experimental methods
where did the methods come from?
animal research
what(subject matter) behavior
elements of behavior( similar to elements of consciousness) the stimulus response unit
used physiological terms( muscle movement an glandular secretions
Goal of psychology
predict and control behavior
watsons life
delinquent behavior
did not show emotion
what was Watson known as?
mechanical man( emotionally unexpressive) could not deal with feelings or emotions, but wanted to study them?
who did Watson study psychology with?
Loeb(tropism)
tropism
all behaviors are reflexive
Dissertation: animal eduaction
physical development of rats( rats brain development to ability to learn)
what study did Watson decide to focus on?
objective.. bad at introspection
why did he become chair of psych?
Baldwin had to resign because brothel
what happened in 1913?
writes psychology as behaviorist views it( behaviorism as school of thought.)
What is comparative psychology
animal psychology
wanted psychology to have practical application
Current view of phobias
psychoanalysis- fears are caused by repressed conflicts and impulse
How did Watson feel about fear?
Fear can be learned and wanted to study it using behaviorist principles
lil. Albert experiment
steel rod hung behind baby where he could not see it
baby exposed to white rat
conditioned reflex study
when baby interacted with white rat the rod was struck
after enough trials- feared rat
what did lil Albert learn?
to be afraid without the sound
why was little albert choses
normal healthy baby “stolid and unemotional”
what did little albert really have
Hydrocholosis (bacteria meningitis in brain)
died at age 6
what does the lil albert study show?
FEAR can be conditioned
why was Watson forced to resign?
wife finds love notes to student (Rosalie) banished academia (goes into advertising)
what psychology field does Watson go into ?
Applied psychology
what was his purpose of Advertising?
to create a society of consumers
how did Watson view humans
mechanistically
consumer behavior regarding cigs found:
brand had nothing to do with taste but brand loyalty
Watsons advertising
ignores qualities. focuses on strong emotional response
what emotional response does he focus on?
Fear, love and rage
Ex1 Johnson and Johnson baby powder
called it pure this implies other products dangerous
Ex 2 ponds cold cream
testimonials illusion of a better situation and this heightened desire
Ex 3 pebeco toothpaste
used sex appeal
Book: psychological care of infant and child -
everything is learned
recommended perfect objectivity in children
(no emotion only reinforcement and punishment)
most influential work
Watsons sons and daughters did what?
attempted suicide 1 did
why did Watson not pick up own award?
he did not want to cry
His ideas explicit
explicit versus implicit responses
explicit is overtly observable
implicit ideas
implicit happen inside organism (ex., glandular
secretions)
must be potentially observable
must be observable through the use of instruments
example of explicit
Doctor hitting knee
example of implicit
heart beat, hunger
what did Watson become?
an extreme environmentalist( everything is learned)
what is there no such thing of?
instinct or reflex
what did he deny ?
inherited capacity( eugenics) temperaments(personality)
thought processes
thinking is implicit motor behavior
fear
loud noises/ sudden lack of support
rage
restriction of body movement
love
caressing, rocking, patting
what are bad behaving kids a reaction of?
improper conditioning
conditioning everyone properly led to what?
outbreak of psychology
Mary cover jones
studied a boy named peter
peter would eat(pleasurable activity) then what
be presented with fear ( the bunny)
what did he associate the rabbit with?
Pleasure not fear
what type of therapy was used for peter
behavioral therapy( exposure therapy)
calkins disputed watsons methods…
introspection as proper research tool
what did washburn call Watson?
enemy of society
who issued a public warning against behaviorism?
McDougall
what was watsons major point?
detested psychoanalysis
what 3 things is emotion described by?
objective stimulus
overt bodily response
internal physiological changes
what year did behaviorism begin?
1913!
