Chapter 10

Question 1

what are trace metals?

Answer 1

the low concentrations of metals found due to smelting, manufacturing and mining of metals

Question 2

name the 4 exposure routes of trace metals

Answer 2

1. air
2. drinking water
3. food
4. soil or dust

Question 3

equation for mass of trace metal absorbed into the body

Answer 3

A=CUf, where A is absorption, C is concentration of trace metal, U is uptake rate of medium, f is fraction of trace metals absorbed into blood stream

Question 4

what is the important parameter for the absorption of metals in AIR

Answer 4

particle size distribution (aerodynamic diameter)

Question 5

what can be said about the aerodyanmic diameter in terms of density

Answer 5

the greater the density the greater the diameter

Question 6

what is the range for accumulation mode

Answer 6

0.2-0.5 micrometers

Question 7

what is the range for coarse particle mode

Answer 7

10 micrometers or more

Question 8

name the fraction f for air, water, food and dust/soil respectively

Answer 8

0.3, 0.5, 0.5, 0.3

Question 9

where do trace metals in water come from? (2 things)

Answer 9

• agricultureal runoffs which include pesticides and fertilzers
• contaminated rain

Question 10

where do trace metals from food come from? (2things)

Answer 10

• airbone particles can deposit on foods

- canned food

Question 11

where do trace metals from soil come from?

Answer 11

soil near houses with lead paint

Question 12

formula for total about of dust absorbed

Answer 12

D=A*t,

where D is amount absorbed, A is total absorbtion rate, t is time exposure

Question 13

what is the critical concentration of metals for humans to be considered at risk from lead exposure?

Answer 13

30micrograms/dl