Chapter 10 Flashcards
A powerful medieval pope, he fought with the Holy Roman Empire Henry the fourth over power too choose church officials
Pope Gregory VII
Define excommunication
To be casted out from the church
Who was Emperor Henry the fourth
Holy Roman Emperor, he fought against Pope Gregory the seventh over the power to choose church officials
A series of long wars between the Christians in the Muslims in the southwest Asia fought for control of the holy land from 1096 to 1291
Crusades
What was the holy land
The religion on the Eastern shore of the Mediterranean sea where Jesus lived, preached, and died
Who was Pope urban two
A medieval pope, he called on Christians to launch the first Crusade
Who was King Richard I
King of England, he led the Christian soldiers in the third Crusade. He learned the respect of his enemies as well as Christian soldiers for his bravery and his fairness.
Who was Saladin
Muslim general, he led the Muslim forces during the third Crusade.
What a clergy
Church officials
What was religious order
A group of people who dedicated their lives to religion and follow common rules
Who is Francis of Assisi
Italian St., he encouraged people to be kind to others, and founded the Franciscan order
Who were the people who were apart of religious Oder and worked among the people and public
Friars
Who was Thomas Aquinas
Dominican philosopher, he argued that rational thought could be used to support Christian belief.
A law that people believed God had created to govern how the world operated
Natural law
What was Magna Carta
A document signed in 1215 by King John of England that required the king to honor certain rights
A lawmaking body that governs England
Parliament
What was the hundred years war
A long conflict between England and France that lasted from 1337 to 1453
Who was Joan of Arc
A French peasant girl, she rallied the French troops during the hundred years war.
What was the Black Death
A deadly plague that swept through Europe between 1347 and 1351
Religious ideas that opposed church teachings
Heresy
What was Reconquista
The effort of Christian kingdoms in the northern Spain to retake land from the Moore’s during the middle ages
Who was king Ferdinand
King of Spain, he and his wife Isabella completed the Reconquista. They forced Jews in Spain to become Christian or leave, and banned Islam
Who is Queen Isabella
Queen of castile in Spain, she helped complete the Reconquista. She and her husband and Islam, and forced all Jews in Spain to become Christian or leave. She also helped pay for the voyages of Christopher Columbus
An organization of priests in Spain that looked for and punished anyone suspected of secretly practicing their old religion
Spanish Inquisition
