Chapter 10 Flashcards
Perspective talking
The social cognitive process involved in assuming the perspective of others and understanding their thoughts and feelings.
Self-understanding
The child’s cognitive representation of self, the substance and content of the child’s self- conceptions.
Moral development
Development that involves thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, regarding rules and conventions about what people should do in their interactions with others
Heteronomous morality
1st stage of moral development in Piaget’s theory, occurring from ages 4-7. Justice and rules are conceived of as unchangeable properties of the world, removed from the control of people.
Autonomous morality
The second stage of moral development in Piaget’s theory, displayed by older children. The
Child becomes aware that rules and laws are created by people and that in Judging an action, one should consider the actor’s intentions as well as the consequences.
Immanent justice
The expectation that if a rule is broken , punishment will be meted out immediately.
Conscience
An internal regulation of standards of right and wrong that involves an integration of moral thought, and behavior.
Gender identity
The sense of ones own gender, including knowledge, understanding, and acceptance of being male or female.
Gender role
A set of expectation that prescribes how females or males should think, act or feel.
Gender typing
Acquisition of traditional masculine or feminine role.
Social role theory
A theory that gender differences result from the contrasting roles of men and women.
Psychoanalytic theory gender
Theory deriving from Frueds view that the preschool child develops a sexual attraction to the opposite sex parent, by approximately 5 or 6 years of age renounces this attraction because of anxious feelings, and subsequently identifies with the same sex parent. And unconsciously adopting the same-sex parents characteristics.
Social cognitive theory of gender
A theory that emphasize that children’s gender development occurs through the Observation and imitation of gender behavior and through the award and punishments children experience for Gender appropriate and gender inappropriate behavior.
Gender scheme theory
The theory that gender typing emerges as children gradually develop gender schemas of what is Considered gender appropriate and gender- inappropriate in their culture.
Authoritarian parenting
A restrictive punitive style in which parents exhort the child to follow their directions and to respect work and effort. The authoritarian parent places firms limits and controls on the child and allows little verbal exchange.
Authoritative parenting
A parenting style in which parents encourage their children to be independent but still places limits and controls on their action. Extensive verbal give-and take is allowed and parents warm and nurturant toward the child. Associated with social competence.
Neglectful parenting
A style of parenting in which the parent is uninvolved in the child’s life, it is associated with the children’s social incompetence, especially a lack of self
Control.
Indulgent parenting
A style of parenting in which parents are highly involved with their child but place few demands or control. Indulgent parenting is associated with children’s social incompetence, especially a lack of self- control.
Sensorimotor play
Behavior engaged in by infants to derive pleasure from exercising their existing sensorimotor schemas.
Practice play
Play that involves repetition of behavior when new skills are being learned or when physical or mental mastery and coordination of skills are required for game of sports.
Pretense/ symbolic play
Play in which the child transforms the physical environment into a symbol.
Social play
Play that involves social interaction with peers.
Constructive play
Play that combines sensorimotor/ practice play with symbol representation. Constructive play occurs when children engage in self- regulated creation or construction of a product or solution.
Games
Activities engaged in for pleasure that include rules and often competition with one or more individuals.
